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首页> 外文期刊>Global change biology >Postfire nitrogen balance of Mediterranean shrublands: Direct combustion losses versus gaseous and leaching losses from the postfire soil mineral nitrogen flush
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Postfire nitrogen balance of Mediterranean shrublands: Direct combustion losses versus gaseous and leaching losses from the postfire soil mineral nitrogen flush

机译：地中海灌木丛的后氮气平衡：直接燃烧损失与火态和浸出损失从后火灾土壤矿物氮气冲洗

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摘要

Fire is a major factor controlling global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. While direct C and N losses caused by combustion have been comparably well established, important knowledge gaps remain on postfire N losses. Here, we quantified both direct C and N combustion losses as well as postfire gaseous losses (N2O, NO and N-2) and N leaching after a high-intensity experimental fire in an old shrubland in central Spain. Combustion losses of C and N were 9.4Mg C/ha and 129kg N/ha, respectively, representing 66% and 58% of initial aboveground vegetation and litter stocks. Moreover, fire strongly increased soil mineral N concentrations by several magnitudes to a maximum of 44kg N/ha 2months after the fire, with N largely originating from dead soil microbes. Postfire soil emissions increased from 5.4 to 10.1kg N ha(-1)year(-1) for N-2, from 1.1 to 1.9kg N ha(-1)year(-1) for NO and from 0.05 to 0.2kg N ha(-1)year(-1) for N2O. Maximal leaching losses occurred 2months after peak soil mineral N concentrations, but remained with 0.1kg N ha(-1)year(-1) of minor importance for the postfire N mass balance. N-15 stable isotope labelling revealed that 33% of the mineral N produced by fire was incorporated in stable soil N pools, while the remainder was lost. Overall, our work reveals significant postfire N losses dominated by emissions of N-2 that need to be considered when assessing fire effects on ecosystem N cycling and mass balance. We propose indirect N gas emissions factors for the first postfire year, equalling to 7.7% (N-2-N), 2.7% (NO-N) and 5.0% (N2O-N) of the direct fire combustion losses of the respective N gas species.
机译：火是控制全球碳（C）和氮（N）循环的主要因素。虽然由燃烧造成的直接C和N损失相比，但重要的知识差距仍然损失损失。在这里，我们在西班牙中部旧灌木丛中的高强度实验火灾后量化C和N燃烧损失以及后火损失（N2O，NO和N-2）和N浸出。 C和N的燃烧损耗分别为9.4mg C / HA和129kg N / HA，代表初始植被和垃圾堆的66％和58％。此外，火灾强烈地增加了土壤矿物N浓度，在火灾后最大为44kg n / ha 2个月，n很大程度上来自死土微生物。 PERIFIRE土壤排放量从5.4至10.1kg n ha（-1）年（-1）增加到N-2，从1.1到1.9kg n ha（-1）年（-1）年（-1），没有0.05到0.2kg n哈（-1）年（-1）N2O。最大浸出损失发生在峰值土壤矿物N浓度后2个月，但保持0.1kg N ha（-1）年（-1）次重视N质量平衡。 N-15稳定同位素标记表明，用火产生的33％的矿物质掺入稳定的土壤N池中，而其余损失。总体而言，我们的工作揭示了在评估对生态系统N循环和质量平衡的消防影响时，需要考虑的N-2排放的显着电火率N损失。我们为第一次出版年度提出了间接的氮气排放因子，平等为7.7％（N-2-N），2.7％（NO-N）和5.0％（N2O-N）相应的N个直接燃烧损失气体物种。

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