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Relative positioning of formation-flying spacecraft using single-receiver GPS carrier phase ambiguity fixing

机译：使用单接收器GPS载波相位模糊固定的形成飞行航天器的相对定位

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In recent years, differential carrier phase-based relative positioning (or "baseline determination") with precision at the millimeter and submillimeter levels has been demonstrated for the GRACE, TanDEM-X and Swarm missions in offline processing. Specific features of such missions have included the use of spacecraft of similar shapes placed in almost identical orbits as well as the use of consistent geodetic-class GPS receivers. These elements have proven to be advantageous for the computation of baseline solutions with such precision levels. Particularly, they have allowed to fully leverage the use of differential GPS techniques, including the estimation and use of carrier phase integer ambiguities. Similarly, the aforementioned spacecraft and orbit characteristics have made it possible to tightly constrain the relative dynamics of formations in the generation of reduced-dynamic solutions. Other than the former examples, prospective formation-flying mission proposals, such as SAOCOM-CS and PICOSAR, may comprise spacecraft with very different characteristics, including dissimilar GPS/GNSS receivers. Such cases may no longer provide favorable conditions for relative orbit determination strategies. As an alternative, absolute orbit solutions may be computed individually for each spacecraft and used for the generation of precise baseline products. This study aims at the assessment of the potential of single-receiver ambiguity fixing for the generation of precise baseline solutions. Results using flight data from the GRACE, TanDEM-X and Swarm missions exhibit baseline accuracy better than 5 mm (3D RMS) for a one-month test period in June 2016. As such, the presented solutions may be considered for prospective formation-flying remote sensing missions with baseline precision requirements at the subcentimeter level. Likewise, the method is considered of particular interest for future multi-spacecraft formations and swarms that require efficient determination of a large num
机译：近年来，在离线处理中，已经对毫米，串联X和Swarm任务进行了尤其在毫米和淹没仪水平处具有精度的差分载流子相对定位（或“基线测定”）。此类任务的具体特征包括使用与几乎相同的轨道上的类似形状的航天器以及一致的大地测量GPS接收器的使用。已经证明这些元件有利于具有这种精度水平的基线解决线。特别是，它们允许充分利用差分GPS技术的使用，包括估计载波相整数歧义的估计和使用。类似地，上述航天器和轨道特性使得可以严格限制形成减少动态解决方案中的形成的相对动态。除前一个例子外，前瞻性地层飞行特派团提案，如Saocom-CS和Picosar，可以包括具有非常不同特性的航天器，包括不同的GPS / GNSS接收器。这种情况可能不再为相对轨道确定策略提供有利条件。作为替代方案，可以针对每个航天器单独计算绝对轨道解决方案，并用于生成精确的基线产品。本研究旨在评估对精确基线解决方案的产生的单接收器模糊性定位的潜力。结果使用宽限地，串联X和Swarm任务的飞行数据表现出优于5 mm（3D RMS）的基线精度，于2016年6月为期一月的测试期。因此，可以考虑所提出的解决方案用于预期地层飞行遥感特派团，具有基线精度要求在子中心级等级。同样地，该方法被认为是未来的多空间组织结构和群体需要有效地确定大号的群体

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