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首页> 外文期刊>Food Security >Impacts of rice intensification on rural households in the Mekong Delta: emerging relationships between agricultural production, wild food supply and food consumption
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Impacts of rice intensification on rural households in the Mekong Delta: emerging relationships between agricultural production, wild food supply and food consumption

机译：大米强化对湄公河三角洲农村家庭的影响：农业生产，野生食品供应与食品消费的新兴关系

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Rice intensification programs target poverty reduction and improved food availability in Asia. Vietnam adopted a rice intensification policy aimed at a rice surplus for export by the 1990s. The intensification policy replaced an annual wet season crop with two to three High Yielding Variety (HYV) rice crops a year. These multiple annual crops required changes in hydraulic systems in areas such as the Mekong Delta (MD) with the introduction of low and high dikes for wet season flood control and dry season irrigation. This study examines the impacts of rice intensification and hydraulic changes in the MD between the 1990s and 2000s on rural household food sources, both wild and cultivated. Across study sites representing three flood management regimes, 165 households were sampled for data on household demographics, the collection and consumption of fish, other aquatic animals, wild and cultivated vegetables and fruit, and other food sources. The results indicate that rice intensification programs and dike construction have significantly increased rice production. However, farm household catch, collection and consumption of wild foods has decreased. Household use of wild fish, other aquatic animals, and wild vegetables was reduced significantly over the period. Significant wet and dry season variation in food availability emerged. Poor households experienced most loss. Overall household food security was affected. This study suggests that rice intensification policies aimed at global food security need to balance wider population access to a food staple with the need for rice farming communities to maintain access to high quality wild foods obtained from the fields and waterways of rice farming landscapes.
机译：稻米集约化计划目标减贫和改善亚洲的食物可用性。越南通过了一项旨在由20世纪90年代出口稻盈的稻米加重政策。强化政策每年用两到三个高产多样性（HYV）稻田替代年度潮湿季节作物。这些多年的作物随着湄公河三角洲（MD）等地区的液压系统的变化，引进了湿季防洪和旱季灌溉的低堤防。本研究探讨了20世纪90年代和2000年代对农村家庭食物来源之间MD的水稻强化和水力变化的影响，既野生和培养。跨学习网站代表三个洪水管理制度，对家庭人口统计数据的数据，鱼类，其他水生动物，野生动物，野生和栽培蔬菜和水果以及其他食物来源进行抽样。结果表明，水稻强化计划和堤防建设显着增加了大米生产。然而，农场家庭捕获，野生食品的收集和消费已经下降。在此期间，家庭使用野生鱼类，其他水生动物和野生蔬菜。出现了食品可用性的显着潮湿和干燥的季节变化。贫困家庭经历了最大的损失。整体家庭粮食安全受到影响。本研究表明，旨在全球粮食安全的稻米加重政策需要平衡更广泛的人口对食物主食，需要稻米农业社区，以维持从水稻养殖景观的田野和水道获得的高品质野生食品。

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