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Trophic ecology of alpine stream invertebrates: current status and future research needs

机译：高山流无脊椎动物的营养生态学：现状和未来的研究需求

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Community structures of benthic invertebrates in different alpine stream types have been well documented and modeled against environmental conditions and change. However, community structure cannot be linked directly to community functions or processes, and this problem prevents clear estimation of functional consequences of environmental changes. In this article, we highlight the need to focus research efforts on the trophic ecology of alpine streams for several reasons. 1) The trophic ecology of invertebrates is remarkably understudied in the field of alpine stream ecology (only 7% of published studies), but the trophic ecology of invertebrates underlies crucial functions in these ecosystems. 2) Classifications of species into functional feeding groups, traits often used to express the functionality of invertebrate communities, are missing for several alpine species or have been deduced from classifications based on higher taxonomic levels. 3) Most investigators focused on a few trophic levels, whereas use of new analytical methods, such as Bayesian stable-isotope mixing models could provide statistically sophisticated estimations of multiple food-source contributions to consumers' diets. 4) Out-dated ideas need to be revised; e.g., we demonstrate that Diamesa species can actively select their food, which is against the established assumption that animals in harsh environments are forced to feed on everything they can get. Based on literature studies, we summarized most critical research needs on the trophic ecology of alpine stream invertebrates. Our goal is to promote ways to understand the ecological function of alpine stream invertebrates and the potential effects of alteration of their trophic relationships by ongoing environmental changes like glacier retreat, water exploitation, or immigration of invasive species.
机译：不同高山流式流中底栖无脊椎动物的社区结构已被充分记录和模拟环境条件和变化。但是，社区结构不能直接链接到社区职能或流程，并且这个问题可以防止对环境变化的功能后果的清晰估计。在本文中，我们强调了有必要关注高山流的营养生态学的研究努力，因为有几个原因。 1）在高山流生态学领域（只有7％的公布研究）的领域显着解读无脊椎动物的营养生态学，但无脊椎动物的营养生态学是这些生态系统中的至关重要的功能。 2）物种分类为功能喂养基团，通常用于表达无脊椎动物群落的功能的特征，几乎缺少几种高山物种，或者已根据高等分类水平从分类推导出来。 3）大多数研究人员专注于一些营养级别，而使用新的分析方法，例如贝叶斯稳定同位素混合模型可以提供对消费者饮食的多种食物源贡献的统计复杂估计。 4）需要修改过期的想法;例如，我们证明了Diamesa物种可以积极选择他们的食物，这与既定的假设是恶劣环境中的动物被迫喂养他们所能得到的一切。基于文学研究，我们总结了高山流中营养生态学的最关键的研究需求。我们的目标是促进理解高山流无脊椎动物的生态功能的方法以及通过冰川撤退，水剥削或入侵物种的移民等环境变化改变其营养关系改变的潜在影响。

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