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Smut fungal strategies for the successful infection

机译：SMUT Fungal策略成功感染

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摘要

The smut fungi include a large number of plant pathogens that establish obligate biotrophic relationships with their host. Throughout the whole life inside plant tissue, smut fungi keep plant cells alive and acquire nutrients via biotrophic interfaces. This mini-review mainly summarizes the interactions between smut fungi and their host plants during the infection process. Despite various strategies recruited by plants to defense invading pathogens, smut fungi successfully evolved an arsenal for colonization. Mating of two compatible haploids gives rise to parasitic mycelium, which can sense plant surface cues such as fatty acids and hydrophobic surface, and induce the formation of appressoria for surface penetration. Plants can recognize fungal invading and activate defense response, including callose and lignin deposition, programmed cell death, and SA signaling pathway. To suppress plant immunity and alter the metabolic pathway of host plants, a cocktail of effectors is secreted by smut fungi depending on the plant organ and cell type that is infected.
机译：Smut Fungi包括大量植物病原体，与其主人建立了迫使生物养成关系。在整个植物组织内，Smut Fungi保持植物细胞活着通过生物营养界面获得营养。这种迷你审查主要概括了在感染过程中粉碎真菌和宿主植物之间的相互作用。尽管植物招募了各种策略来防御侵袭病原体，但Smut Fungi成功地演变了一个殖民化的阿森纳。两个相容性单倍体的交配产生寄生菌丝体，可以感测植物表面提示，如脂肪酸和疏水表面，并诱导映射的形成表面渗透。植物可以识别真菌入侵和激活防御反应，包括胼callose和木质素沉积，编程的细胞死亡和SA信号通路。为了抑制植物免疫并改变宿主植物的代谢途径，根据感染的植物器官和细胞类型，通过Smut Fungi分泌了一种效应器的鸡尾酒。

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