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首页> 外文期刊>Addiction biology >Consilience of rodent and human phenotypes relevant for alcohol dependence.
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Consilience of rodent and human phenotypes relevant for alcohol dependence.

机译：与酒精依赖有关的啮齿动物和人类表型的一致性。

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摘要

A diagnosis of the substance abuse disorder alcohol dependence (AD) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) is categorical, and presentation of any three of seven symptoms with persistence of at least 1 year is required. This means that any group of individuals with a diagnosis reflects substantial clinical heterogeneity, which likely reflects heterogeneity at the etiological, biological and genetic levels (Hasin et al. 2006; Kendler 2006). Yet, most clinical genetic research has been directed toward diagnostic groups. Throughout biological psychiatry, the modest success in identifying genes associated with diagnoses has fueled a trend toward a focus on endophenoypes or intermediate phenotypes (Gottesman & Gould 2003), but such studies are still in the minority. An array of endophenotypes is under investigation, including but not limited to low response to alcoholism and electrophysi-ological responses such as low voltage fast power or P300 of the event-related potential. In addition to intermediate phenotypes, there are numerous risk factors under investigation in human studies ranging from personality traits such as behavioral under-control to comorbid diagnoses such as antisocial personality disorder, anxiety disorders and depression (Pihl 2007; Kendler et al. 2008).
机译：根据精神障碍诊断和统计手册（DSM-IV-TR）对药物滥用障碍酒精依赖（AD）进行诊断是明确的，并且需要表现出七个症状中的任何三个，并且持续至少一年。这意味着，任何诊断出的个体群体都反映出实质性的临床异质性，这很可能反映出病因，生物学和遗传水平上的异质性（Hasin等人2006; Kendler 2006）。然而，大多数临床遗传研究已针对诊断群体。在整个生物精神病学中，在鉴定与诊断相关的基因方面取得的适度成功推动了人们对内表型或中间表型的关注（Gottesman＆Gould 2003），但此类研究仍然很少。一系列内表型正在研究中，包括但不限于对酒精中毒的低反应和电生理反应，例如低电压快速功率或事件相关电位的P300。除中间表型外，人类研究中还研究了许多危险因素，从性格特征（如行为控制不足）到合并症（如反社会人格障碍，焦虑症和抑郁症）（Pihl 2007; Kendler等人，2008）。

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