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首页> 外文期刊>Addiction biology >Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects in the nucleus accumbens relate to relapse in alcohol dependence
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Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects in the nucleus accumbens relate to relapse in alcohol dependence

机译：伏伏核中巴甫洛夫到器械的转移效应与酒精依赖的复发有关

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In detoxified alcohol-dependent patients, alcohol-related stimuli can promote relapse. However, to date, the mechanisms by which contextual stimuli promote relapse have not been elucidated in detail. One hypothesis is that such contextual stimuli directly stimulate the motivation to drink via associated brain regions like the ventral striatum and thus promote alcohol seeking, intake and relapse. Pavlovian-to-Instrumental-Transfer (PIT) may be one of those behavioral phenomena contributing to relapse, capturing how Pavlovian conditioned (contextual) cues determine instrumental behavior (e.g. alcohol seeking and intake). We used a PIT paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the effects of classically conditioned Pavlovian stimuli on instrumental choices in n=31 detoxified patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence and n=24 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Patients were followed up over a period of 3 months. We observed that (1) there was a significant behavioral PIT effect for all participants, which was significantly more pronounced in alcohol-dependent patients; (2) PIT was significantly associated with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in subsequent relapsers only; and (3) PIT-related NAcc activation was associated with, and predictive of, critical outcomes (amount of alcohol intake and relapse during a 3 months follow-up period) in alcohol-dependent patients. These observations show for the first time that PIT-related BOLD signals, as a measure of the influence of Pavlovian cues on instrumental behavior, predict alcohol intake and relapse in alcohol dependence.
机译：在戒毒酒精依赖的患者中，酒精相关的刺激会促进复发。然而，迄今为止，尚未详细阐明情境刺激促进复发的机制。一种假设是这种情境刺激直接刺激了通过相关的大脑区域（如腹侧纹状体）饮酒的动机，从而促进了酒精的寻求，摄入和复发。巴甫洛夫病向器械转移（PIT）可能是促成复发的那些行为现象之一，捕捉了巴甫洛夫病的条件性（上下文）线索如何确定工具行为（例如，寻求酒精和摄入酒精）。我们在功能磁共振成像过程中使用了PIT范式，以检查经典条件的帕夫洛夫病刺激对诊断为酒精依赖的n = 31排毒患者和年龄和性别相匹配的n = 24健康对照者的工具选择的影响。对患者进行了3个月的随访。我们观察到（1）所有参与者都有显着的行为性PIT效应，在酒精依赖患者中明显更为明显; （2）PIT仅与随后复发者的伏隔核（NAcc）中的血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）信号显着相关; （3）与PIT相关的NAcc激活与酒精依赖型患者的关键预后（在3个月的随访期内饮酒量和复发量）相关，并对其做出预测。这些观察结果首次显示，与PIT相关的BOLD信号（作为衡量Pavlovian提示对工具行为的影响的指标）可以预测酒精摄入和酒精依赖复发。

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