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首页> 外文期刊>Addiction biology >Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 'meow'): Acute behavioural effects and distribution of Fos expression in adolescent rats
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Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 'meow'): Acute behavioural effects and distribution of Fos expression in adolescent rats

机译：甲氧麻黄酮（4-甲基甲卡西酮，“喵”）：青春期大鼠的急性行为影响和Fos表达的分布

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摘要

Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a novel recreational drug that has rapidly increased in popularity in recent years. Users report mephedrone as having the stimulant-like qualities of methamphetamine and cocaine, combined with the prosocial, entactogenic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Anecdotal and case study reports indicate that mephedrone may have the potential to engender compulsive patterns of use as well as toxicity in overdose. However, there have been almost no neuropharmacological investigations of the drug up to this point. Here we examined the effects of two different mephedrone doses [15 and 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (IP)] relative to the well-known stimulant methamphetamine (2 mg/kg IP) in adolescent rats. Rats were injected, assessed for locomotor activity for 60 minutes and then tested in a 10-minute social preference test (measuring time spent in close proximity to a real rat versus a dummy rat). Their brains were then processed using Fos immunohistochemistry to determine patterns of brain activation. Results showed that mephedrone caused profound locomotor hyperactivity at both dose levels while tending to reduce social preference. Patterns of Fos expression with mephedrone resembled a combination of those observed with methamphetamine and MDMA, with particularly strong Fos expression in the cortex, dorsal and ventral striatum, ventral tegmental area (typical of both MDMA and methamphetamine) and supraoptic nucleus (typical of MDMA). These results demonstrate for the first time the powerful stimulant effects of mephedrone in animal models and its capacity to activate mesolimbic regions. These results also provide some empirical basis to user reports that mephedrone subjectively resembles a MDMA/methamphetamine hybrid.
机译：甲氧麻黄酮（4-甲基甲卡西酮）是一种新型的休闲药物，近年来迅速普及。用户称甲氧麻黄酮具有甲基苯丙胺和可卡因的兴奋剂样性质，并结合了3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）的亲社会，促触觉作用。轶事和案例研究报告表明，甲氧麻黄酮可能会导致强迫使用以及过量使用时产生毒性。但是，到目前为止，几乎没有药物的神经药理研究。在这里，我们检查了两种不同的甲氧麻黄酮剂量[15和30 mg / kg，腹膜内（IP）]相对于青春期大鼠兴奋剂甲基苯丙胺（2 mg / kg IP）的作用。注射大鼠，评估其运动能力60分钟，然后在10分钟的社交偏好测试中进行测试（测量与真实大鼠相对于假大鼠的接近时间）。然后使用Fos免疫组织化学对他们的大脑进行处理，以确定大脑激活的模式。结果表明，甲氧麻黄酮在两种剂量水平下均引起强烈的运动亢进，同时倾向于降低社会偏好。甲氧麻黄酮的Fos表达模式类似于用甲基苯丙胺和MDMA观察到的模式的结合，在皮质，背侧和腹侧纹状体，腹侧被盖区（典型的是MDMA和甲基苯丙胺）和视上核（典型的是MDMA）中，Fos表达特别强。 。这些结果首次证明了吗啡酮在动物模型中的强大刺激作用及其激活中脑边缘区域的能力。这些结果也为用户报告甲氧麻黄酮在主观上类似于MDMA /甲基苯丙胺的混合物提供了经验基础。

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