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The impact of alcohol dependence on social brain function

机译：酒精依赖对社会大脑功能的影响

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The impact of alcoholism (ALC) or alcohol dependence on the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive and affective empathy (i.e. the different routes to understanding other people's minds) in schizophrenic patients and non-schizophrenic subjects is still poorly understood. We therefore aimed at determining the extent to which the ability to infer other people's mental states and underlying neural mechanisms were affected by ALC. We examined 48 men, who suffered either from ALC, schizophrenia, both disorders or none of these disorders, using functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing on a mind reading task that involves both cognitive and affective aspects of empathy. Using voxel-based morphometry, we additionally examined whether between-group differences in functional activity were associated with deficits in brain structural integrity. During mental state attribution, all clinical groups as compared with healthy controls exhibited poor performance as well as reduced right-hemispheric insular function with the highest error rate and insular dysfunction seen in the schizophrenic patients without ALC. Accordingly, both behavioral performance and insular functioning revealed schizophrenia × ALC interaction effects. In addition, schizophrenic patients relative to non-schizophrenic subjects (regardless of ALC) exhibited deficits in structural integrity and task-related recruitment of the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC). Our data suggest that ALC-related impairment in the ability to infer other people's mental states is limited to insular dysfunction and thus deficits in affective empathy. By contrast, mentalizing in schizophrenia (regardless of ALC) may be associated with insular dysfunction as well as a combination of structural and functional deficits in the left vlPFC.
机译：酒精中毒（ALC）或酒精依赖对精神分裂症患者和非精神分裂症患者认知和情感移情的神经机制（即理解他人思想的不同途径）的影响仍然知之甚少。因此，我们旨在确定ALC对推断他人心理状态和潜在神经机制的能力的影响程度。我们使用功能性磁共振成像检查了48名患有ALC，精神分裂症，两种疾病或无这些疾病的男性，同时执行了涉及移情的认知和情感方面的心理阅读任务。使用基于体素的形态计量学，我们还检查了功能活动的组间差异是否与脑结构完整性缺陷相关。在精神状态归因中，所有临床组与健康对照组相比均表现较差，右半球岛功能降低，在无ALC的精神分裂症患者中出现最高的错误率和岛功能障碍。因此，行为表现和岛屿功能都显示出精神分裂症×ALC相互作用的影响。此外，相对于非精神分裂症受试者（无论ALC如何），精神分裂症患者在结构完整性和左腹外侧前额叶皮层（vlPFC）的任务相关募集方面表现出缺陷。我们的数据表明，与ALC相关的推断其他人的精神状态的能力受损仅限于岛屿功能障碍，因此情感移情作用不足。相比之下，精神分裂症的精神病（无论ALC如何）可能与岛屿功能障碍以及左vlPFC中结构和功能缺陷的组合有关。

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