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The dynamic role of parental influences in preventing adolescent smoking initiation

机译：父母影响因素在预防青少年吸烟中的动态作用

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Background: As adolescents grow, protective parental influences become less important and peer influences take precedence in adolescent's initiation of smoking. It is unknown how and when this occurs. We sought to: prospectively estimate incidence rates of smoking initiation from late childhood through mid-adolescence, identify important risk and protective parental influences on smoking initiation, and examine their dynamic nature in order to identify key ages. Methods: Longitudinal data from the National Survey of Parents and Youth of 8 nationally representative age cohorts (9-16. years) of never smokers in the U.S. were used (N = 5705. dyads at baseline). Analysis involved a series of lagged logistic regression models using a cohort-sequential design. Results: The mean sample cumulative incidence rates of tobacco use increased from 1.8% to 22.5% between the 9 and 16. years old age cohorts. Among risk factors, peer smoking was the most important across all ages; 11-15. year-olds who spent time with peers who smoked had 2 to 6.5 times higher odds of initiating smoking. Parent-youth connectedness significantly decreased the odds of smoking initiation by 14-37% in 11-14. year-olds; parental monitoring and punishment for smoking decreased the odds of smoking initiation risk by 36-59% in 10-15. year-olds, and by 15-28% in 12-14. year-olds, respectively. Conclusions: Parental influences are important in protecting against smoking initiation across adolescence. At the same time, association with peers who smoke is a very strong risk factor. Our findings provide empirical evidence to suggest that in order to prevent youth from initiating smoking, parents should be actively involved in their adolescents' lives and guard them against association with peers who smoke. ? 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
机译：背景：随着青少年的成长，父母的保护性影响变得不那么重要了，同伴的影响在青少年开始吸烟中占据了主导地位。未知如何以及何时发生。我们试图：前瞻性地估计从儿童晚期到青春期中期开始吸烟的发生率，确定父母对吸烟开始的重要风险和保护性影响，并检查其动态性质以识别关键年龄。方法：使用美国全国8个全国从未吸烟者的年龄组（9-16岁）的全国父母和青年调查的纵向数据（基线时为N = 5705个二分位数）。使用队列排序设计，分析涉及一系列滞后逻辑回归模型。结果：在9岁至16岁年龄段的人群中，吸烟的平均样本累积发病率从1.8％增加到22.5％。在所有危险因素中，同龄人吸烟是所有年龄段最重要的因素。 11-15。与吸烟的同龄人在一起的三岁儿童吸烟的几率要高出2至6.5倍。父母与青少年之间的联系大大降低了11-14岁儿童吸烟的几率14-37％。岁;父母对吸烟的监视和惩罚在10-15天内使吸烟引发风险的几率降低了36-59％。岁，在12-14岁之间上升15-28％。岁分别。结论：父母的影响对于防止青春期开始吸烟很重要。同时，与吸烟的同伴交往是一个很强的风险因素。我们的发现提供了经验证据，表明为了防止青少年开始吸烟，父母应积极参与青少年的生活，并防止他们与吸烟的同龄人交往。 ？ 2013爱思唯尔有限公司

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