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首页> 外文期刊>Nature reviews. Urology >The Rho GTPase signalling pathway in urothelial carcinoma
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The Rho GTPase signalling pathway in urothelial carcinoma

机译：尿路上皮癌中的Rho GTPase信号通路

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Urothelial carcinoma remains a clinical challenge: non-muscle-invasive disease has a high rate of recurrence and risk of progression, and outcomes for patients with advanced disease are poor, owing to a lack of effective systemic therapies. The Rho GTPase family of enzymes was first identified 30 years ago and contains 20 members, which are divided into eight subfamilies: Cdc42, Rac, Rho, RhoUV, RhoBTB, RhoDF, RhoH, and Rnd. Rho GTPases are molecular on-off switches, which are increasingly being understood to have a critical role in a number of cellular processes, including cell migration, cell polarity, cell adhesion, cell cycle progression, and regulation of the cytoskeleton. This switch is an evolutionarily conserved system in which GTPases alternate between GDP-bound (inactive) and GTP-bound (active) forms. The activities of these Rho GTPases are many, context-dependent, and regulated by a number of proteins that are being progressively elucidated. Aberrations of the Rho GTPase signalling pathways have been implicated in various malignancies, including urothelial carcinoma, and understanding of the role of Rho GTPases in these diseases is increasing. This signalling pathway has the potential for therapeutic targeting in urothelial carcinoma. Research in this area is nascent, and much work is necessary before current laboratory-based research can be translated into the clinic.
机译：尿路上皮癌仍然是一个临床挑战：非肌肉侵袭性疾病的复发率高，并且进展的风险，由于缺乏有效的系统性疗法，患有晚期疾病的患者的结果。首先鉴定rho GTP酶酶系列＆ 30年前并包含＆ 20名成员分为八个亚属：CDC42，RAC，Rho，Rhouv，Rhobtb，Rhodf，Rhoh和RND。 Rho GTP酶是分子开关的分子开关，其越来越被理解为在许多细胞过程中具有关键作用，包括细胞迁移，细胞极性，细胞粘附，细胞周期进展和细胞骨架调节。该开关是一种进化的保守系统，其中GTP酶在GDP绑定（非活动）和GTP绑定（有源）形式之间交替。这些Rho GTP酶的活性是许多，上下文依赖性的，并且由许多正在逐步阐明的蛋白质调节。 rho GTPase信号传导途径的像差涉及各种恶性肿瘤，包括尿路上皮癌，并且了解Rho GTP酶在这些疾病中的作用正在增加。该信号传导途径具有治疗尿路上皮癌的疗效。在本领域的研究是新生的，在基于实验室的研究之前可以翻译成诊所之前需要多得多。

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