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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Noradrenaline is crucial for the substantia nigra dopaminergic cell maintenance
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Noradrenaline is crucial for the substantia nigra dopaminergic cell maintenance

机译：去甲肾上腺素对于Indicaia Nigra多巴胺能细胞维持至关重要

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In Parkinson's disease, degeneration of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons is accompanied by damage on other neuronal systems. A severe denervation is for example seen in the locus coerulean noradrenergic system. Little is known about the relation between noradrenergic and dopaminergic degeneration, and the effects of noradrenergic denervation on the function of the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra are not fully understood. In this study, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) was injected in rats, whereafter behavior, striatal KCl-evoked dopamine and glutamate releases, and immunohistochemistry were monitored at 3 days, 3 months, and 6 months. Quantification of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve fiber density in the cortex revealed a tendency towards nerve fiber regeneration at 6 months. To sustain a stable noradrenergic denervation throughout the experimental timeline, the animals in the 6-month time point received an additional DSP4 injection (2 months after the first injection). Behavioral examinations utilizing rotarod revealed that DSP4 reduced the time spent on the rotarod at 3 but not at 6 months. KCl-evoked dopamine release was significantly increased at 3 days and 3 months, while the concentrations were normalized at 6 months. DSP4 treatment prolonged both time for onset and reuptake of dopamine release over time. The dopamine degeneration was confirmed by unbiased stereology, demonstrating significant loss of tyrosine hydrovlase-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia nigra. Furthermore, striatal glutamate release was decreased after DSP4. In regards of neuroinflammation, reactive microglia were found over the substantia nigra after DSP4 treatment. In conclusion, long-term noradrenergic denervation reduces the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and affects the functionality of the nigrostriatal system. Thus, locus coeruleus is important for maintenance of nigral dopaminergic neurons.
机译：在帕金森病的疾病中，Comminia Nigra多巴胺能神经元的退化伴有其他神经元系统的损伤。例如，在洛杉矶CoerulanGoradynergic系统中看到严重的剥夺性。关于诺瑞甘菊能和多巴胺能退化的关系，并不完全理解诺瑞康肾上腺素能和多巴胺能退化的关系，对非甲肾上腺素能的作用对体内NIGRA的多巴胺能神经元的作用。在该研究中，将N-（2-氯乙基）-N-乙基-2-溴苄胺（DSP4）注入大鼠，然后在3天，3个月，3个月监测行为，纹纹Kcl诱发的多巴胺和谷氨酸释放和免疫组化，和6个月。皮质中的多巴胺-β-羟化酶 - 免疫反应性神经纤维密度的定量揭示了6个月的神经纤维再生的趋势。为了在整个实验时间表中维持稳定的去甲肾上腺素能，6个月时间点的动物接受了另外的DSP4注射（第一次注射后2个月）。利用rotarod的行为检查显示DSP4减少了在旋钮上花费3的时间，但不在6个月。 KCL诱发的多巴胺释放在3天和3个月内显着增加，而浓度在6个月内标准化。 DSP4治疗延长了多巴胺释放的发病和再摄取的时间。通过无偏心的立体学证实了多巴胺退化，证明了在Implia NIGRA中的酪氨酸氢羟基酶 - 免疫反应性神经元的显着损失。此外，DSP4后，纹状谷氨酸释放量减少。在神经炎炎症的方面，在DSP4处理后，在真实性的NIGRA上发现反应性微胶质细胞。总之，长期去甲肾上腺素能源消除性降低了真实性NIGRA中的多巴胺能神经元的数量，并影响了纽格洛里亚体系的功能。因此，基因座牛磺勒斯对于维持八抗多巴胺能神经元是重要的。

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