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A Cortical Pathogenic Theory of Parkinson's Disease

机译:帕金森病的皮质致病理论

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摘要

In Parkinson's disease, the progressive neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is associated with classic motor features, which typically have a focal onset. Since a defined somatotopic arrangement in the SNc has not been recognized, this focal motor onset is unexplained and hardly justified by current pathogenic theories of bottom-up disease progression (Braak's hypothesis, prionopathy). Here we propose that corticostriatal activity may represent a critical somatotopic "stressor'' for nigrostriatal terminals, ultimately driving retrograde nigrostriatal degeneration and leading to focal motor onset and progression of Parkinson's disease. As a pathogenic mechanism, corticostriatal activity may promote secretion of striatal extracellular alpha-synuclein, favoring its pathological aggregation at vulnerable dopaminergic synapses. A similar pathogenic process may occur at corticofugal projections to the medulla oblongata and other vulnerable structures, thereby contributing to the bottom-up progression of Lewy pathology. This cortical pathogenesis may co-exist with bottom-up mechanisms, adding an integrative top-down perspective to the quest for the factors that impinge upon the vulnerability of dopaminergic cells in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease.
机译:在帕金森氏病中,在体内NIGRA PARSCOCMACA(SNC)中尼格多特多巴胺能神经元的渐进神经变性与经典电动机特征有关,其通常具有焦点发作。由于SNC中的定义的躯体传动装置尚未被认识到,因此该局灶性电机未解释,并且通过自下而上的疾病进展的当前致病理论(Brauk的假设,普罗旺斯)而几乎不合理。在这里,我们提出皮质棘突活性可以代表患有人核算终端的关键躯体运动“压力源”,最终促使逆行的纽格雷斯遗传变性并导致局灶性摩托车发作和帕金森病的进展。作为一种致病机制,皮质棘皮性活性可以促进纹状体细胞外α的分泌-synumin,有利于易受伤害的多巴胺能突触处的病理学聚集。在皮质植物突起和其他易受攻击的结构中可能发生类似的致病过程,从而有助于石油病理学的自下而上进展。这种皮质发病机制可以共存自下而上的机制,将一体化的自上而下的视角添加到探索在帕金森病发放和进展中受到多巴胺能细胞脆弱的因素的因素。

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  • 来源
    《Neuron》 |2018年第6期|共13页
  • 作者单位

    Univ CEU San Pablo Hosp Univ HM Puerta Sur CINAC Madrid Spain;

    Univ CEU San Pablo Hosp Univ HM Puerta Sur CINAC Madrid Spain;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 神经病学;
  • 关键词

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