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首页> 外文期刊>Neurosurgical focus >Knowledge of skull base anatomy and surgical implications of human sacrifice among pre-columbian mesoamerican cultures
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Knowledge of skull base anatomy and surgical implications of human sacrifice among pre-columbian mesoamerican cultures

机译：在哥伦比亚美阿米米米亚型文化中，人类牺牲的头骨基础解剖学和手术意义

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摘要

Human sacrifice became a common cultural trait during the advanced phases of Mesoamerican civilizations. This phenomenon, influenced by complex religious beliefs, included several practices such as decapitation, cranial deformation, and the use of human cranial bones for skull mask manufacturing. Archaeological evidence suggests that all of these practices required specialized knowledge of skull base and upper cervical anatomy. The authors con- ducted a systematic search for information on skull base anatomical and surgical knowledge among Mesoamerican civilizations. A detailed exposition of these results is presented, along with some interesting information extracted from historical documents and pictorial codices to provide a better understanding of skull base surgical practices among these cultures. Paleoforensic evidence from the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan indicates that Aztec priests used a specialized decapitation technique, based on a deep anatomical knowledge. Trophy skulls were submitted through a stepwise technique for skull mask fabrication, based on skull base anatomical landmarks. Understanding pre-Columbian Mesoamerican religions can only be realized by considering them in their own time and according to their own perspective. Several contributions to medical practice might have arisen from anatomical knowledge emerging from human sacrifice and decapitation techniques.
机译：人类牺牲在中美洲美洲文明的高级阶段成为一个常见的文化特征。这种现象受到复杂宗教信仰的影响，包括若干实践，如斩首，颅骨变形，以及使用人类颅骨制造的人类颅骨。考古证据表明，所有这些做法都需要专门的颅底和上颈椎解剖学知识。作者对中间酵母文明的颅底解剖学和外科知识进行了系统性搜索。提出了这些结果的详细阐述，以及从历史文献和图示代码中提取的一些有趣信息，以更好地了解这些培养物中的颅底外科实践。来自Tenochtitlan的伟大寺庙的古物造算证据表明Aztec牧师基于深层解剖学知识来使用专业的斩首技术。基于头骨基础解剖标志，通过逐步技术提交奖杯头骨。理解哥伦比亚的中间人群岛宗教只能通过在自己的时间内考虑它们，并根据自己的观点来实现。从人类牺牲和斩首技术中出现的解剖学知识可能会产生几项对医疗实践的贡献。

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  • 来源
    《Neurosurgical focus》 |2012年第2期|共1页
  • 作者

    Lopez-SernaR.; Gomez-AmadorJ.L.; Barges-CollJ.; Arriada-MendicoaN.; Romero-VargasS.; Ramos-PeekM.; Celis-LopezM.A.; Revuelta-GutierrezR.; Portocarrero-OrtizL.;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Spine Surgery Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Mexico City Mexico;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neurosurgery Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco Suárez;

    Department of Neuroendocrinology Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia 'Manuel Velasco;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 外科学;
  • 关键词

    Forensic anthropology; Funeral rites; Shamanism; Skull base;

    机译：法医人类学;葬礼仪式;萨满教;头骨基地;

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