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首页> 外文期刊>Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences >Genomic analysis of aminotransferases in Arabidopsis thaliana [Review]
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Genomic analysis of aminotransferases in Arabidopsis thaliana [Review]

机译：拟南芥中氨基转移酶的基因组分析[综述]

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摘要

Aminotransferases are an important and diverse group of proteins. Of the approximately 25,000 predicted proteins in the Arabidopsis proteome, it is estimated that 4,000 are involved in cellular metabolism. Sequence analyses predict that roughly one percent of the "metabolism" sequences of Arabidopsis encode aminotransferases. Many plant aminotransferase genes have been identified, and their corresponding gene products have been localized and characterized. These studies have implicated aminotransferase reactions in a diverse variety of pathways in plants, including such primary metabolic pathways as amino acid biosynthesis and catabolism, photorespiration, and vitamin biosynthesis, as well as carbon and nitrogen shuttles, and plant stress responses. Thus, these enzymes may be reasonable targets for metabolic engineering to produce crop varieties with enhanced stress resistance and nutrient content. In addition, several aminotransferases that are absent from animals may be excellent targets for herbicides. The first part of this review focuses on recent progress on the identification and characterization of aminotransferases from Arabidopsis and other plants. There is still much to learn about plant aminotransferases; in Arabidopsis more than 40% of the aminotransferase-like sequences remain uncharacterized. The second part of this review discusses uncharacterized aminotransferase-like sequences in the Arabidopsis genome. Although it is not yet possible to predict the reactions catalyzed by these uncharacterized aminotransferases based on sequence alone, potential functions of these putative aminotransferases are discussed in light of sequence motifs, publicly available transcript expression data, and sequence similarity to characterized homologs from other organisms. [References: 110]
机译：氨基转移酶是一组重要且多样化的蛋白质。在拟南芥蛋白质组中大约25,000种预测的蛋白质中，据估计有4,000种参与细胞代谢。序列分析预测，拟南芥的“代谢”序列中大约有百分之一会编码氨基转移酶。已经鉴定出许多植物氨基转移酶基因，并且已经定位和表征了它们相应的基因产物。这些研究将氨基转移酶反应牵涉到植物的多种途径中，包括诸如氨基酸生物合成和分解代谢，光呼吸和维生素生物合成等主要代谢途径，以及碳氮转运和植物胁迫反应。因此，这些酶可能是代谢工程生产具有增强的抗逆性和营养成分的作物品种的合理目标。另外，动物中缺少的几种氨基转移酶可能是除草剂的理想靶标。这篇综述的第一部分着重于从拟南芥和其他植物中鉴定和鉴定氨基转移酶的最新进展。关于植物氨基转移酶还有很多要学习的知识。在拟南芥中，超过40％的转氨酶样序列仍未表征。这篇评论的第二部分讨论了拟南芥基因组中未表征的转氨酶样序列。尽管尚无法单独基于序列来预测由这些未表征的氨基转移酶催化的反应，但根据序列基序，可公开获得的转录表达数据以及与来自其他生物的特征同源物的序列相似性，对这些推定的氨基转移酶的潜在功能进行了讨论。 [参考：110]

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