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Geographical patterns of flow-regime alteration by flood-control dams in Japan

机译：日本防洪水坝流动制度的地理模式

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Natural variability in water flow is an inherent feature of river ecosystems, but many rivers in the world have been dammed, altering the flow regime and leading to ecosystem degradation. Dam reoperation to maintain environmental flows has been proposed for ecosystem and biodiversity improvement. Reoperation requires an understanding of flow alteration due to dam operations. However, knowledge of natural flow regimes and their degree of alteration remain poor in Japan. The Japanese islands extend from the sub-Arctic to the subtropics with four seasons and thus are considered to show high spatial and temporal variation in flow regime and alterations caused by those variations. We examined the spatial and temporal dependency of flow alteration by flood-control dams in Japan. We confirmed that flood-control dams reduced the rate of change in discharge and peak discharge and that such dams fulfilled their primary role of preventing flood disaster by reducing and delaying flooding. However, other flow characteristics, such as high- and low-flow frequency and duration, were also altered. We demonstrated that the magnitude, frequency, duration, and seasonality of high and low flows in undammed flow regimes differed with latitude and that discharge alteration was spatially and temporally dependent, presumably because dam operation responded to the inherent differences in seasonal flow variability at different latitudes.
机译：水流的自然变化是河流生态系统的固有特征，但世界上许多河流已经受到了毁坏，改变了流动制度并导致生态系统退化。已经提出了为生态系统和生物多样性改进提出了维持环境流量的大坝重新组合。重组需要了解由于大坝操作导致的流动改变。然而，日本的自然流动制度知识及其变更程度仍然差。日本岛屿从亚北极延伸到副波特，四季，因此被认为是在流动制度和这些变化引起的改变中显示出高空间和时间变化。我们研究了日本防洪水坝流动变化的空间和时间依赖。我们确认防洪水坝降低了放电和峰值放电的变化率，并且这种大坝实现了通过减少和延迟洪水来防止洪水灾害的主要作用。然而，也改变了其他流动特性，例如高流量和低流量频率和持续时间。我们证明，undermmed流动制度中的高和低流量的幅度，频率，持续时间和季节性与纬度不同，并且放电改变在空间和时间上依赖，可能是因为大坝操作响应于不同纬度的季节性流动变异性的固有差异。

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