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Fault tree analysis and risk mitigation strategies for mine hoists

机译：矿井升降机的故障树分析与风险缓解策略

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摘要

Mine hoist are an essential part of an underground mine. In addition to extracting the ore from the mine, this machine transports the miners from the surface to the various underground levels of the mine. The two main hazards to which minors in the cage are exposed to are rope severance and loss of control of the hoisting machine. In both cases, the risk is the crashing of the cage at one end of the shaft. Hoisting accident and fatalities are rare but still happen despite the use of safety catches to retain the cage in the event of rope severance. The objective of this article is to improve mine hoist safety and to prevent the crash of a cage (of more generally any conveyance) at the shaft boundaries. Fault Trees (FT) are used to analyze the accidents scenarios of a cage crash in a shaft. Two generic fault trees are presented: one based on rope severance and the other based on loss-of-control of the conveyance. Results of the study indicate that, in the case of a rope severance, most of the root causes are based on secondary failure of the safety catches. In the case of a loss-of-control of the conveyance, most of the root causes are based on command failures that prevent the cage from stopping before reaching the shaft boundaries. This article suggests general mitigation measures and recommends the use of machinery safety standards in order to improve the reliability of hoisting machines.
机译：矿井葫芦是地下矿井的重要组成部分。除了从矿井中提取矿石外，该机器还将矿工从地面运送到矿井的各种地下水平。笼子里未成年人的主要危险暴露于绳索遣散和吊装机的控制。在这两种情况下，风险是轴在轴的一端撞击笼子。吊装事故和死亡是罕见的，但仍然仍然发生，尽管在绳索遣散时，仍在使用安全捕获来保留笼子。本文的目的是提高矿井葫芦安全性，并防止在轴边界处撞击笼子（更普遍的任何运输）。故障树（FT）用于分析轴中笼坠毁的事故方案。提出了两个通用故障树：基于绳索断开的一个，基于对输送的控制丧失。研究结果表明，在绳索断开的情况下，大多数根本原因都基于安全捕获的二次失败。在运输的控制丧失的情况下，大多数根本原因都是基于指令故障，防止笼子在到达轴边界之前停止。本文建议一般缓解措施，并建议使用机械安全标准，以提高吊装机的可靠性。

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