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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural and Forest Meteorology >Microclimatic conditions and plant morpho-physiological development within a tree shelter environment during establishment of Quercus ilex seedlings.
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Microclimatic conditions and plant morpho-physiological development within a tree shelter environment during establishment of Quercus ilex seedlings.

机译：栎栎幼苗建立过程中树木遮蔽环境内的微气候条件和植物形态生理发育。

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Tree shelters are used commonly under a wide range of agriculture and forestry applications, and the presence of the shelter is known to influence plant development through shelter-plant interactions that affect microclimatic conditions. However, effects of tree shelter microclimates on development of relatively slow-growing forest tree species characteristic of semi-arid Mediterranean climates have yet to be examined. Under a controlled environment using mesic and xeric watering regimes, we examined microclimatic conditions within light and dark tree shelters relative to non-sheltered conditions and corresponding influences on morpho-physiological development of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) seedlings during initial establishment. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Purdue University in Indiana. Despite relatively low photosynthetic rates (<1 micro mol CO2 m-2 s-1), CO2 concentrations within shelters oscillated widely during the day, reflecting respiration from late afternoon through night and rapid assimilation during the first 2-3 h after sunrise that dropped sharply around noon. In dark shelters within the mesic watering regime, reduced vapour pressure deficit (VPD) was associated with high plant transpiration. Higher irradiance inside light shelters stimulated photosynthesis, although higher VPD under xeric conditions led to decreased mid-day xylem water potential within light shelters. Additionally, decreased light transmittance among shelter treatments (control > light > dark) did not affect plant N or starch concentrations nor total plant biomass, but resulted in increased height, as well as leaf area production and shoot:root ratio under mesic conditions, morphological adaptations likely to increase drought susceptibility under hot, dry conditions characteristic of late summer in this region. We conclude that microclimatic conditions within tree shelters and corresponding influences on plant morpho-physiological development are interrelated through complex phenomena dependent upon environmental conditions and phenotypic characteristics of a given plant species. Consequentially, shelter configurations must be adapted to match climatic conditions of the outplanting site with species plasticity; we recommend light shelters with high light transmittance for planting holm oak in Mediterranean areas..
机译：树木遮蔽物通常在农业和林业的广泛应用中使用，并且众所周知，遮蔽物的存在会通过影响微气候条件的遮蔽物与植物的相互作用来影响植物的生长。然而，尚未研究树木遮盖物小气候对半干旱地中海气候所特有的相对较慢生长的林木物种发育的影响。在使用梅塞克和克塞克浇水方案的可控环境下，我们研究了光树和黑树庇护所内相对于非庇护条件的微气候条件，以及在初始建立过程中对圣栎（Quercus ilex L.）幼苗形态生理发育的相应影响。该实验是在印第安纳州普渡大学的温室中进行的。尽管光合速率相对较低（<1 micro mol CO2 m-2 s-1），但避难所内的CO2浓度在白天仍广泛振荡，反映出从午后到深夜的呼吸作用以及日出后最初的2-3小时迅速吸收中午左右急剧下降。在中等浇灌条件下的黑暗庇护所中，降低的蒸气压亏缺（VPD）与植物高蒸腾作用有关。尽管在干旱条件下较高的VPD导致避难所中午木质部水势降低，但避难所内较高的辐照度会促进光合作用。此外，遮蔽处理之间的透光率降低（控制>光照>暗）不会影响植物氮或淀粉浓度，也不影响植物总生物量，但会导致高度增加，以及在中等条件下形态上叶面积和枝根比增加，形态上这种适应措施可能会增加该地区夏末炎热干燥条件下的干旱敏感性。我们得出的结论是，树遮蔽区内的微气候条件及其对植物形态生理发展的相应影响是通过复杂现象相互关联的，这些现象取决于环境条件和给定植物物种的表型特征。因此，必须调整庇护所的配置，以使外植场的气候条件与物种可塑性相匹配;我们建议在地中海地区种植高透光率的避光棚以种植圣栎。

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