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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in cancer biology >Intracellular hyaluronan: Importance for cellular functions
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Intracellular hyaluronan: Importance for cellular functions

机译:细胞内透明质酸:细胞功能的重要性

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Hyaluronan-rich matrices are abundant in ECM and are involved in biological processes, such as cell growth and migration. Hyaluronan is synthesized by the hyaluronan synthase family of enzymes, HAS1, HAS2 and HAS3; the HAS1 and HAS3 genes give rise to different transcripts through alternative splicing, and the HAS2 gene to a noncoding RNA antisense transcript in addition to the protein-coding transcript. Biosynthesis of hyaluronan increases during inflammation and cancer and is regulated by cytokines and growth factors. In addition to extracellular hyaluronan-rich matrices, cytoplasmic and nuclear forms of hyaluronan have been detected in normal and pathological processes. Extra- and infra-cellular hyaluronan binds to hyaluronan binding proteins, such as CD44, RHAMM, CDC37 and USP17, affecting cellular behavior. Although neither the exact mechanisms by which hyaluronan is present in the intracellular compartments, nor its function at these sites are currently understood, there are evidence that intracellular hyaluronan has important regulatory roles during cell cycle, cell motility, RNA translation and splicing, and autophagy.
机译:富含透明质酸的矩阵在ECM中丰富,并且参与生物过程,例如细胞生长和迁移。透明质酸由透明质酸合成酶的酶,HAS1,HAS2和HAS3合成; HAS1和HAS3基因通过替代剪接给出不同的转录物,除了蛋白质编码转录物之外,除了蛋白质编码转录物之外还将HAS2基因与非编码RNA反义转录物。透明质酸的生物合成在炎症和癌症期间增加,并受细胞因子和生长因子调节。除了富含细胞外透明质酸的基质外,在正常和病理过程中检测到透明质酸的细胞质和核形式。甲状腺肿和睫毛透明质酸与透明质酸结合蛋白质,例如CD44,RHAMM,CDC37和USP17,影响细胞行为。虽然目前既不是透明质酸在细胞内隔室中存在的确切机制,但目前都不解这些位点的功能,但有证据表明细胞内透明质酸在细胞周期,细胞运动,RNA平移和剪接和自噬中具有重要的调节作用。

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