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Design of a smart bidirectional actuator for space operation

机译：空间操作智能双向执行器的设计

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摘要

A common need for space borne instruments, satellites and planetary exploration payloads is the usage of compact, light and low power actuators. In the recent years, this need has been partially solved by the development of customized solutions with an increasing usage of smart materials. A linear bidirectional actuator based on shape memory alloy technology is presented in this work. The device has been conceived to lock the double-pendulum scanning mechanism of a miniaturized Fourier transform spectrometer for planetary observation. The mechanism class is that of pin pullers, with the pin locking the movable components of the spectrometer during launch and landing phases. The proposed mechanism, differently from available off-the-shelf devices, allows multiple actuations without the need of manual resetting. Moreover, the device requires to be powered only to change its status. An appealing feature of the adopted concept is that the actuation is intrinsically shock-less, a key requirement for deployment of devices sensitive to mechanical vibration and shocks. All these characteristics, in addition to the design flexibility of the proposed concept in terms of achievable forces and strokes, make the designed actuator promising for many different applications, from space to ground. The designed bidirectional actuator provides 0.6 mm stroke and a 50 N preload but it represents just an example of implementation for the proposed concept. Structural design of the functional elastic components and SMA alloy characterization have guided the actuator development. A mockup of the actuator has been manufactured and the predicted performances preliminary validated.
机译：常见需求是空间型乐器，卫星和行星勘探有效载荷的使用是紧凑，轻型和低功耗执行器的使用。近年来，随着智能材料的增加，通过开发定制解决方案的开发部分解决了这一需求。在这项工作中提出了一种基于形状记忆合金技术的线性双向执行器。已经构思了该装置以锁定小型化傅里叶变换光谱仪的双摆扫描机构以进行行星观察。机构类是销拉拔器的销，销在发射和着陆阶段期间锁定光谱仪的可移动部件。所提出的机制，不同于可用的现成设备，允许多种致动，而无需手动重置。此外，该设备仅需改变其状态。所采用概念的吸引人特征是，致动本质上减少，是部署对机械振动和冲击敏感的设备的关键要求。所有这些特征，除了在可实现的力量和中风方面所提出的概念的设计灵活性外，还使设计的执行器对许多不同的应用，从空间到地面承诺。设计的双向执行器提供了0.6毫米中风和50 n预载，但它代表了所提出的概念的实施例。功能弹性部件和SMA合金表征的结构设计引导了执行器开发。已经制造了致动器的样机，并且预测的性能初步验证。

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