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Contingent maternities? Maternal claims‐making in third party reproduction

机译：或有产妇？ 母体宣称制作第三方复制

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Abstract The new reproductive technologies have significantly impacted definitions of motherhood. Historically, mothers were defined through the act of giving birth, but egg donation, embryo donation, and surrogacy disrupt this. Now multiple women can potentially claim maternity through gestational, genetic, legal, and social ties. Although there is some legal precedent for designating parentage, there is no simple solution to identify the ‘true’ mother. I address maternal claims‐making in third party reproduction via a content analysis of US patient literature for infertile women. Major tensions arise over which link to privilege, especially regarding genetic versus gestational ties in egg donation versus surrogacy; however, adding embryo donation to the analysis illuminates another crucial dimension previously overlooked – that heterosexual women's maternal claims are supported by their partner's paternity claims. Ultimately, I argue that although reproductive organisational discourse carefully constructs credible options for maternal claims‐making, contemporary reproductive medicine does not define maternity through assisted reproduction as a truly autonomous connection. Rather, maternity is highly contingent and thus potentially discreditable.
机译：摘要新的生殖技术有显着影响母性的定义。从历史上看，母亲是通过分娩的行为定义的，而是怂恿捐赠，胚胎捐赠和代孕破坏了这一点。现在，多个女性可以通过妊娠，遗传，法律和社会关系索取产假。虽然指定父母有一些合法的先例，但没有简单的解决方案来识别“真实”的母亲。我通过对不孕症妇女的美国患者文学进行第三方复制来解决母体宣称。主要紧张局势出现在哪个特权，特别是关于卵捐赠的遗传与妊娠与代孕的遗传关系;然而，将胚胎捐赠添加到分析中，照亮了先前忽视的另一个关键维度 - 异性恋女性的妇女申请人受到他们的伴侣的亲子权索赔的支持。最终，我认为，虽然生殖组织话语仔细构建了孕产妇造成的可信选择，但当代生殖医学通过作为真正自主联系的辅助生殖，当代生殖医学并未定义产妇。相反，产妇是高度偶然的，因此可能是可差异的。

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