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首页> 外文期刊>South African Journal for Enology and Viticulture >UV Light Acclimation Capacity of Leaf Photosynthetic and Photochemical Behaviour in Near-isohydric and Anisohydric Grapevines in Hot and Dry Environments
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UV Light Acclimation Capacity of Leaf Photosynthetic and Photochemical Behaviour in Near-isohydric and Anisohydric Grapevines in Hot and Dry Environments

机译：紫外线和干燥环境中近红外水合葡萄葡萄酒的叶片光合作用和光化学行为的紫外线光合作用能力

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摘要

The photosynthetic and photochemical adaptation of grapevine leaves to high UV radiation, under hot and dry summer conditions, was investigated in near-isohydric Cannonau (syn. Grenache) and near-anisohydric Bovale grande (syn. Carignan). From pea-size stage until harvest, vines with mild to moderate water deficit were subjected to UV-blocking treatment (-UV) and compared to a control exposed to sunlight (C). Canopy light and thermal microclimate, growth and density, maximum leaf gas exchange, primary photochemistry (PSII) and phenols were monitored. Average increments in canopy temperature under-UV tunnels during day-time and night-time were 3.3 degrees C and 0.8 degrees C in Bovale grande and 2.6 degrees C and 1.1 degrees C in Cannonau. Cultivars reached similar leaf area, intrinsic water-use efficiency and stem water potential under C and-UV Cannonau showed lower stomatal conductance, maximum net assimilation and transpiration rates, but also faster recovery of PSII under heat and moderate water stress. UV radiation induced a stronger and longer impact on leaf assimilation, but the duration of elevated temperatures under -UV induced higher photoinhibition and lower photochemical efficiency. A similar degree of correlation between leaf temperature and gas exchange was found among cultivars and treatments. In Cannonau, leaf anthocyanin decreased due to heat-induced long-lasting PSII photoinactivation under C. Conversely, Bovale grande showed higher phenolic content stability, thus higher photoprotection and recovery of PSII functional units. Agronomical practices affecting leaf phenolic accumulation influence canopy acclimation to heat and high sunlight. Vineyard management must avoid excessive canopy sun exposure and duration of elevated temperatures to favour high assimilation, while reducing photoinactivation and heat damage.
机译：在近似异常的Cannonau（Syn.Grenache）和近南非水平繁荣（SYN。CARIGNAN）中，研究了葡萄牙叶片在热和干燥的夏季条件下的光合和光化学辐射到高紫外线辐射的适应性。从豌豆大小的阶段，直到收获，含有轻度到中度水缺陷的葡萄含量均受紫外线封闭的处理（-uv），并与暴露于阳光（c）的对照相比。监测冠层光和热小气候，生长和密度，最大叶片气体交换，初级光化学（PSII）和酚类。在白天和夜间紫外线隧道下的平均突出温度下的平均增量为3.3摄氏度和0.8摄氏度，在Cannonau中的2.6摄氏度和1.1摄氏度。品种达到类似的叶面积，C和UV Cannonau下的内在水使用效率和茎水潜力表现出较低的气孔导电，最大净同化和蒸腾率，但在热量和中度水胁迫下，PSII的恢复更快。紫外线辐射诱导对叶片同化的更强且较长的影响，但在升高的温度下诱导较高的光抑制和降低光化学效率。在品种和治疗中发现了叶温和气体交换之间的相似程度。在Cannonau中，由于C的热诱导的长持久PSII光灭活，叶片花青素减少。相反，Bovale Grande呈现较高的酚类含量稳定性，从而更高的光途电容和PSII功能单元的回收率。影响叶片酚醛累积的农艺实践影响了冠层驯化热和高阳光。葡萄园管理必须避免过度的天篷阳光照射和升高的温度持续到有利于高同化，同时减少光灭绝和热损伤。

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