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首页> 外文期刊>Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment: An International Journal for Scientific Research on the Relationship of Agriculture and Food Production to the Biosphere >Long-term nitrogen dynamics in various catch crop scenarios: test and simulations with STICS model in a temperate climate. (Special Issue: Mitigation of environmental impacts of nitrogen use in agriculture.)
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Long-term nitrogen dynamics in various catch crop scenarios: test and simulations with STICS model in a temperate climate. (Special Issue: Mitigation of environmental impacts of nitrogen use in agriculture.)

机译：各种农作物情景中的长期氮动力学：在温带气候下使用STICS模型进行测试和模拟。 （特刊：减轻农业氮素使用对环境的影响。）

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The long term effects of repeated catch crops on N dynamics in arable farming were assessed using mid-term experiments and long-term simulations. The soil-crop model STICS (v6.9) was tested against a database provided by three experiments (13-17 years) carried out in Northern France, including treatments with or without repeated catch crops. STICS performance was checked for crop biomass, N uptake, soil water content and mineral N at harvest of main crops, drained water, N leaching and mineralization rates. The model satisfactorily reproduced these variables, except for soil mineral N and N leached at one site. N leached was predicted with a slight bias, between -3 and +7 kg N ha-1 yr-1, and soil N mineralized was simulated with a bias lower than 7 kg N ha-1 yr-1. The model simulated correctly the N uptake by catch crops and the kinetics of extra N mineralization due to catch crops. Seven scenarios varying in the presence of catch crops, fertilization rate and climate were simulated on long-term (60 years); their effects on N uptake, soil N storage, N mineralization and nitrate leaching were compared by difference with a control scenario. Repeated catch crops lead to reduce N leaching, sequester organic N and increase N mineralization. The model indicated that the sequestered N reached a maximum of 430-750 kg N ha-1 after 23-45 years depending on site. The extra-mineralization due to catch crops progressively increased up to 38-65 kg N ha-1 yr-1. A strategy of constant N fertilizer rate resulted in raising the N uptake of main crops and slowing down the abatement of nitrate leaching. Conversely, when N fertilization rates were reduced by 20-24 kg N ha-1 yr-1, crop production remained stable and catch crops reduced N leaching on the long term by 33-55%. Therefore catch crop is a promising technique for controlling the N cascade.
机译：使用中期实验和长期模拟评估了反复收获的农作物对耕作中氮素动态的长期影响。针对在法国北部进行的三个实验（13-17年）提供的数据库对土壤作物模型STICS（v6.9）进行了测试，包括采用或不采用重复捕获作物的处理方法。检查了STICS的性能，包括作物主要生物收获时的作物生物量，氮吸收量，土壤含水量和矿质氮，排水，氮淋失和矿化率。该模型令人满意地重现了这些变量，除了土壤矿物质氮和一处淋溶的氮。 N的浸出量略有偏差，介于-3和+7 kg N ha -1 yr -1 之间，模拟的矿化土壤N的偏差低于7 kg N ha -1 yr -1 。该模型正确模拟了农作物对氮的吸收以及由于农作物导致的额外氮矿化的动力学。长期（60年）模拟了随收成作物的存在，施肥率和气候而变化的七个情景;比较了它们对氮素吸收，土壤氮素存储，氮素矿化和硝酸盐淋失的影响，并与对照方案进行了比较。反复收获的农作物减少了氮的浸出，螯合了有机氮并增加了氮矿化。该模型表明，根据地点的不同，螯合氮在23-45年后最高达到430-750 kg N ha -1 。收获作物导致的超矿化逐渐增加至38-65 kg N ha -1 yr -1 。恒定氮肥施用量的策略导致提高了主要作物对氮的吸收，并减缓了硝态氮淋失的减轻。相反，当氮肥施用量减少20-24 kg N ha -1 yr -1 时，作物产量保持稳定，而长期收获的农作物减少了氮的淋失。 33-55％。因此，收获作物是控制N级联的一种有前途的技术。

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