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Intra- and interspecific genetic diversity of New Zealand hairworms (Nematomorpha)

机译：新西兰毛虫（Nematomorpha）的内部和三分之一的遗传多样性

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摘要

Hairworms (Nematomorpha) are a little-known group of parasites, and despite having been represented in the taxonomic literature for over a century, the implementation of molecular genetics in studies of hairworm ecology and evolution lags behind that of other parasitic taxa. In this study, we characterize the genetic diversity of the New Zealand nematomorph fauna and test for genetic structure within the most widespread species found. We provide new mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal sequence data for three previously described species from New Zealand: Gordius paranensis, Parachordodes diblastus and Euchordodes nigromaculatus. We also present genetic data on a previously reported but undescribed Gordius sp., as well as data from specimens of a new Gordionus sp., a genus new for New Zealand. Phylogenetic analyses of CO1 and nuclear rDNA regions correspond with morphological classification based on scanning electron microscopy, and demonstrate paraphyly of the genus Gordionus and the potential for cryptic species within G. paranensis. Population-level analyses of E. nigromaculatus showed no genetic differentiation among sampling locations across the study area, in contrast to previously observed patterns in known and likely definitive hosts. Taken together, this raises the possibility that factors such as definitive host specificity, intermediate host movement, and passive dispersal of eggs and larvae may influence host-parasite population co-structure in hairworms.
机译：毛虫（Nematomorpha）是一部鲜为人知的寄生虫，尽管在一个世纪以来的分类文献中有所代表，但在毛虫生态学研究中实施分子遗传学和其他寄生虫毒素的进化滞后。在这项研究中，我们描述了新西兰Nematomorph动物的遗传多样性，并在最广泛的物种中测试了遗传结构。我们为来自新西兰的三种先前描述的物种提供了新的线粒体和核核糖体序列数据：Gordius Paranensis，比赛岛和Euchordodes nigromaculatus。我们还在先前报告但未描述的Gordius SP上呈现了遗传数据，以及来自新戈尔翁SP的标本的数据，新西兰新的新闻。 CO1和核rDNA区域的系统发育分析对应于基于扫描电子显微镜的形态学分类，并表明Gordionus属的令人垂涎的G. Paranensis内的隐秘物种。 E. nigromaculatus的人口水平分析在研究区域的采样位置没有遗传分化，与先前观察到的已知和可能的定义宿主的模式相反。在一起，这提出了诸如明确宿主特异性，中间宿主运动和被动分散的因素的可能性可能影响毛虫中的宿主寄生虫种群共结构。

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