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Present and Past-Millennial Eutrophication in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Southern Baltic Sea)

机译：GDAńSK（南波罗的海）湾的现状与千禧一年富营养化

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摘要

Eutrophication is manifested by increased primary production leading to oxygen depletion in near-bottom water and toxic cyanobacteria blooms. This is an important contemporary problem of the Baltic Sea and many other coastal waters. The present eutrophication is mainly ascribed to anthropogenic activity. To compare the present trophic state with that during past millennia, two sediment cores (50 cm long and ~400 cm long covering ca. 5,500 years) were taken from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea). The core subsamples were analyzed for phytoplankton pigments (chlorophylls and their derivatives, and carotenoids). In addition, carbon (Ctot, Corg, and δ~(13)C), ~(14)C dating, grain size, diatoms, and selected metals in the cores were analyzed to determine conditions in the depositional environment. The results indicated that there were high primary production periods in the past, during the Littorina Sea and the Roman Climatic Optimum, accompanied by oxygen deficiency in the near-bottom water, most probably caused by climate warming. The ratio of 13~2,17~3-cyclopheophorbide-a enol, a labile degradation product of chlorophyll-a, to the sum of other chloropigments-a (CPPB-aE/ΣChlns-a) is proposed as a new paleoredox proxy. Heterocystous cyanobacteria blooms of an intensity similar to or even greater than at present also occurred in past millennia and were connected with climate warming. Hence, eutrophication must have occurred in the past, which means that natural factors have a substantial influence on it.
机译：通过增加近底水和有毒蓝杆菌盛开的氧气耗尽的初级产量增加，表现为富营养化。这是波罗的海和许多其他沿海水域的重要当代问题。本富营养化主要归因于人为活性。为了将目前的营养状态与过去千年期间进行比较，从Gdańsk（南波罗的海）的海湾中取出了两个沉积物（50厘米长，长400厘米，长400厘米）。分析核心子样物用于浮游植物颜料（叶绿素及其衍生物和类胡萝卜素）。此外，分析碳（CTOT，CORG和δ〜（13）C），〜（14）C序列，粒径，硅藻和选定金属，以确定沉积环境中的病症。结果表明，过去的初级生产期，在陆地海洋和罗马气候最佳期间，伴随着近底水的氧气缺乏，大概是气候变暖引起的。提出了13〜2,17〜3-环冰片酰胺-A烯醇，叶绿素-A的不稳定降解产物 - A（CPPB-AE /ΣCHLNS-A）的总和作为新的古罗弗里索克代理。在过去的千年内也发生了类似于或甚至目前的强度的杂囊性蓝细菌绽放，并且与气候变暖相连。因此，过去必须发生富营养化，这意味着自然因素对其产生了重大影响。

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  • 来源
    《Paleoceanography》 |2019年第2期|共17页
  • 作者

    M. Szymczak-?y?a; M. Krajewska; M. Witak; T. M. Ciesielski; M. V. Ardelan; B. M. Jenssen; T. Goslar; A. Winogradow; A. Filipkowska; L. Lubecki; A. Zamojska; G. Kowalewska;

  • 作者单位

    Marine Pollution Laboratory Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

    Marine Pollution Laboratory Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

    Faculty of Oceanography and Geography Institute of Oceanography University of Gdańsk Gdynia Poland;

    Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway;

    Department of Chemistry Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway;

    Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway;

    Faculty of Physics Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland;

    Department of Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

    Marine Pollution Laboratory Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

    Marine Pollution Laboratory Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

    Department of Econometrics Faculty of Management University of Gdańsk Sopot Poland;

    Marine Pollution Laboratory Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 海洋学;
  • 关键词

    Present; Past-Millennial Eutrophication; Gulf of Gdańsk;

    机译：目前;过去千禧一年的富营养化;GDAńSK的海湾;

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