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首页> 外文期刊>Pathobiology: journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology >Heterogeneity in Gastric Cancer: From Pure Morphology to Molecular Classifications
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Heterogeneity in Gastric Cancer: From Pure Morphology to Molecular Classifications

机译：胃癌中的异质性：从纯形态到分子分类

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Gastric cancer (GC) represents a global health concern. Despite advances in prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, GC is still the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with more than 720,000 estimated deaths in 2012. Overall survival for advanced disease is about 1 year, a dismal prognosis that is partly due to the high levels of biological heterogeneity found in GC. Indeed, GC is a highly heterogeneous disease from morphological and molecular standpoints. The numerous histological and molecular classifications currently available reflect such heterogeneity. Although recent high-throughput studies cluster the molecular data obtained into subgroups with clinical relevance, we still need a practical, prognostic, and predictive classification system, integrating morphological and molecular features, towards the identification of novel therapeutic targets. It is noteworthy that GC heterogeneity encompasses not only interpatient variability (intertumour heterogeneity), but also variations within the same tumour (intratumour heterogeneity). The latter encompasses spatial heterogeneity (in different tumour areas) and temporal heterogeneity (along progression from primary to recurrent and/or metastatic disease). In this review, we analyse the morphological, immunophenotypic, and molecular heterogeneity in GC as the basis for a better understanding of the disease, and discuss the practical implications for diagnostic pathology, prognostic evaluation, and precision therapy. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.
机译：胃癌（GC）代表全球健康问题。尽管预防，诊断和治疗进展，但GC仍然是全世界癌症死亡率的第三个主要原因，2012年有超过720,000人死亡。晚期疾病的总体生存率约为1年，是令人沮丧的预后，部分原因是部分原因GC中发现的高水平生物异质性。实际上，GC是来自形态学和分子观点的高度异质疾病。目前可用的许多组织学和分子分类反映了这种异质性。虽然近期的高通量研究聚集在具有临床相关性的亚组中获得的分子数据，但我们仍需要实际，预后和预测的分类系统，整合形态和分子特征，朝着鉴定新的治疗靶标。值得注意的是，GC异质性不仅包括介入性变异性（Intertupour异质性），而且包括相同肿瘤内的变化（肿瘤内异质性）。后者包括空间异质性（在不同的肿瘤区域）和时间异质性（沿着初级到复发和/或转移性疾病的进展）。在该综述中，我们分析了GC中的形态，免疫型和分子异质性作为更好地了解疾病的基础，并探讨了诊断病理学，预后评估和精密治疗的实际影响。 （c）2017年S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。

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