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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. Biological Sciences >Syntax and compositionality in animal communication
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Syntax and compositionality in animal communication

机译：动物通信中的语法和合作性

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Syntax has been found in animal communication but only humans appear to have generative, hierarchically structured syntax. How did syntax evolve? I discuss three theories of evolutionary transition from animal to human syntax: computational capacity, structural flexibility and event perception. The computation hypothesis is supported by artificial grammar experiments consistently showing that only humans can learn linear stimulus sequences with an underlying hierarchical structure, a possible by-product of computationally powerful large brains. The structural flexibility hypothesis is supported by evidence of meaning-bearing combinatorial and permutational signal sequences in animals, with sometimes compositional features, but no evidence for generativity or hierarchical structure. Again, animals may be constrained by computational limits in short-term memory but possibly also by limits in articulatory control and social cognition. The event categorization hypothesis, finally, posits that humans are cognitively predisposed to analyse natural events by assigning agency and assessing how agents impact on patients, a propensity that is reflected by the basic syntactic units in all languages. Whether animals perceive natural events in the same way is largely unknown, although event perception may provide the cognitive grounding for syntax evolution.
机译：在动物通信中发现了语法，但只有人类似乎具有生成，分层结构的语法。语法如何发展？我讨论了从动物到人类语法的进化过渡的三种理论：计算能力，结构性灵活性和事件感知。计算假设由人工语法实验支持，始终如一地表明，只有人类可以使用潜在的层次结构学习线性刺激序列，可以是计算强大的大脑的可能副产物。结构灵活性假设是通过动物的意义组合和效毛信号序列的证据支持，有时是组成特征，但没有发电度或分层结构的证据。同样，动物可能受到短期记忆中的计算限制，而是可能也是通过阐明和社会认知的限制。事件分类假设，最后，人类认知地倾向于通过分配机构分析自然事件，并评估药剂对患者的影响如何，这是由所有语言中的基本句法单位反映的倾向。动物是否以相同方式感知自然事件在很大程度上是未知的，尽管事件感知可以提供语法进化的认知接地。

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