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首页> 外文期刊>Physical biology >Modeling meiotic chromosome pairing: a tug of war between telomere forces and a pairing-based Brownian ratchet leads to increased pairing fidelity
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Modeling meiotic chromosome pairing: a tug of war between telomere forces and a pairing-based Brownian ratchet leads to increased pairing fidelity

机译：模拟减肥染色体配对：端粒力与基于配对的棕色棘轮之间的拔河导致配对保真度增加

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摘要

Meiotic homolog pairing involves associations between homologous DNA regions scattered along the length of a chromosome. When homologs associate, they tend to do so by a processive zippering process, which apparently results from avidity effects. Using a computational model, we show that this avidity-driven processive zippering reduces the selectivity of pairing. When active random forces are applied to telomeres, this drop in selectivity is eliminated in a force-dependent manner. Further simulations suggest that active telomere forces are engaged in a tug-of-war against zippering, which can be interpreted as a Brownian ratchet with a stall force that depends on the dissociation constant of pairing. When perfectly homologous regions of high affinity compete with homeologous regions of lower affinity, the affinity difference can be amplified through this tug of war effect provided the telomere force acts in a range that is strong enough to oppose zippering of homeologs while still permitting zippering of correct homologs. The degree of unzippering depends on the radius of the nucleus, such that complete unzippering of homeologous regions can only take place if the nucleus is large enough to pull the two chromosomes completely apart. A picture of meiotic pairing thus emerges that is fundamentally mechanical in nature, possibly explaining the purpose of active telomere forces, increased nuclear diameter, and the presence of 'Maverick' chromosomes in meiosis.
机译：减数分子同源配对涉及沿染色体的长度散射的同源DNA区域之间的关联。当同源物联想时，它们往往通过加工拉链过程来这样做，这显然是由耐抗效应产生的。使用计算模型，我们表明这种厌恶驱动的加工性拉链可降低配对的选择性。当激活随机力被施加到端粒时，以力依赖性方式消除了选择性的这种下降。进一步的模拟表明，活跃的端粒力始终针对拉链的拔河，这可以被解释为具有失速力的布朗棘轮，这取决于配对的解离常数。当高亲和力的高亲和力区域与具有较低亲和力的职业区域的竞争时，可以通过这种拔河效应来扩增亲和力差异，所以端粒力作用在足够强的范围内以反对家乡的拉链，同时仍然允许拉链正确同源物。解压缩程度取决于细胞核的半径，使得只有在足够大的情况下，只能发生统一地区的完全解重，以便完全缩小两条染色体。因此，减少人民配对的图片，其从根本上是机械本质上的，可能解释了积极端粒力，核直径增加的目的，核直径增加，以及在减数分裂中的“小牛”染色体的存在。

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