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首页> 外文期刊>Photochemical & photobiological sciences: the official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology >An insight into the photodynamic approach versus copper formulations in the control of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in kiwi plants
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An insight into the photodynamic approach versus copper formulations in the control of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in kiwi plants

机译：对Pseudomonas Syringae PV控制的光动力学方法与铜制剂的洞察。 猕猴桃猕猴桃

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In the last decade, the worldwide production of kiwi fruit has been highly affected by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), a phytopathogenic bacterium; this has led to severe economic losses that are seriously affecting the kiwi fruit trade. The available treatments for this disease are still scarce, with the most common involving frequently spraying the orchards with copper derivatives, in particular cuprous oxide (Cu2O). However, these copper formulations should be avoided due to their high toxicity; therefore, it is essential to search for new approaches for controlling Psa. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be an alternative approach to inactivate Psa. aPDT consists in the use of a photosensitizer molecule (PS) that absorbs light and by transference of the excess of energy or electrons to molecular oxygen forms highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can affect different molecular targets, thus being very unlikely to lead to the development of microbe resistance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of aPDT to photoinactivate Psa, using the porphyrin Tetra-Py+-Me and different light intensities. The degree of inactivation of Psa was assessed using the PS at 5.0 mu M under low irradiance (4.0 mW cm(-2)). Afterward, ex vivo experiments, using artificially contaminated kiwi leaves, were conducted with a PS at 50 mu M under 150 mW cm(-2) and sunlight irradiation. A reduction of 6 log in the in vitro assays after 90 min of irradiation was observed. In the ex vivo tests, the decrease was lower, approximately 1.8 log reduction at an irradiance of 150 mW cm(-2), 1.2 log at 4.0 mW cm(-2), and 1.5 log under solar radiation. However, after three successive cycles of treatment under 150 mW cm(-2), a 4 log inactivation was achieved. No negative effects were observed on leaves after treatment. Assays using Cu2O were also performed at the recommended concentration by law (50 g h L-1) and at concentrations 10 times lower, in which at both concentrations, Psa was efficiently inactivated (5 log inactivation) after a few minutes of treatment, but negative effects were observed on the leaves after treatment.
机译：在过去的十年中，猕猴桃的全球产量受到假鼠霉素的影响很大。 Actinidiae（PSA），一种植物疗法细菌;这导致严重的经济损失，严重影响了猕猴桃贸易。这种疾病的可用治疗仍然是稀缺的，最常见的涉及经常用铜衍生物喷洒果园，特别是氧化亚铜（Cu2O）。然而，由于它们的高毒性，应避免这些铜制剂;因此，必须搜索控制PSA的新方法。抗微生物光动力治疗（APDT）可以是灭活PSA的替代方法。 APDT在使用光敏剂分子（PS）中，吸收光和通过过量的能量或电子对分子氧的转移形成能够影响不同分子靶标的高反应性氧物质（ROS），因此非常不太可能导致显微抗性的发展。本研究的目的是使用卟啉Tetra-py + -me和不同的光强度评估APDT对光灭活PSA的有效性。在低辐照度下使用5.0μm（4.0mW cm（-2）），使用PS在5.0μm下评估PSA的失活程度。之后，使用人工被污染的猕猴桃叶的前体内实验用PS在150mW（-2）下的50μm处，并且阳光照射。观察到90分钟照射后，60次测量的60次登录。在离体测试中，降低较低，约1.8降低在150mW cm（-2）的辐照度下，1.2落在4.0mw cm（-2）上，并在太阳辐射下测量1.5。然而，在150 mW cm（-2）下的三个连续治疗循环之后，实现了4个对数失效。治疗后叶片没有观察到消极效应。使用Cu 2O的测定也通过法律（50GH1-1）的推荐浓度和10倍以下的浓度进行，其中在两种浓度下，PSA经过几分钟的治疗后有效地灭活（5次杀灭失活），但是为阴性治疗后的叶片上观察到效果。

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