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首页> 外文期刊>Agroforestry Systems >Climate change and tree genetic resource management: maintaining and enhancing the productivity and value of smallholder tropical agroforestry landscapes. A review
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Climate change and tree genetic resource management: maintaining and enhancing the productivity and value of smallholder tropical agroforestry landscapes. A review

机译：气候变化和树木遗传资源管理：维持和提高小农热带农林业景观的生产力和价值。回顾

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摘要

Anthropogenic climate change has significant consequences for the sustainability and productivity of agroforestry ecosystems upon which millions of smallholders in the tropics depend and that provide valuable global services. We here consider the current state of knowledge of the impacts of climate change on tree genetic resources and implications for action in a smallholder setting. Required measures to respond to change include: (1) the facilitated translocation of environmentally-matched germplasm across appropriate geographic scales, (2) the elevation of effective population sizes of tree stands through the promotion of pollinators and other farm management interventions; and (3) the use of a wider range of 'plastic' species and populations for planting. Key bottlenecks to response that are discussed here include limitations in the international exchange of tree seed and seedlings, and the absence of well-functioning delivery systems to provide smallholders with better-adapted planting material. Greater research on population-level environmental responses in indigenous tree species is important, and more studies of animal pollinators in farm landscapes are required. The development of well-functioning markets for new products that farmers can grow in order to mitigate and adapt to anthropogenic climate change must also consider genetic resource issues, as we describe.
机译：人为的气候变化对农林业生态系统的可持续性和生产力产生了重大影响，而热带农业生态系统的可持续性和生产力是数百万小农所依赖的，并提供了有价值的全球服务。我们在这里考虑气候变化对树木遗传资源的影响及其在小农户环境下行动的影响的当前知识状态。应对变化的必要措施包括：（1）在适当的地理范围内促进环境匹配的种质的易位;（2）通过促进授粉媒介和其他农场管理干预措施，提高林分有效种群的数量; （3）使用更多的“可塑性”物种和种群进行种植。这里讨论的应对瓶颈主要包括树木种子和幼苗国际交换的局限性，以及缺乏向小农户提供适应性更强的种植材料的运转良好的输送系统。重要的是要对土著树种的种群级环境响应进行更多的研究，并且需要对农场景观中的动物传粉媒介进行更多的研究。正如我们所描述的那样，为减轻和适应人为气候变化，农民可以种植的新产品运作良好的市场也必须考虑遗传资源问题。

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