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首页> 外文期刊>Poultry Science >Maternal and genetic effects on broiler bone properties during incubation period
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Maternal and genetic effects on broiler bone properties during incubation period

机译：孵化期间肉鸡骨质性质的母体和遗传效应

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In order to examine the differences in bone properties between fast-growing and slow-growing broiler embryos and to understand the effects of genotype and egg size on these differences, fast-and slow-growing hens and males were reciprocally crossed to create 4 egg groups: FST (laid by fast-growing hens, inseminated by fast-growing males), H-FST (fast-growing hens and slow-growing males), H-SLW (slow-growing hens and fast-growing males), and SLW (slow-growing hens and slow-growing males). Embryos (n = 8) from these 4 groups were sacrificed and weighed, and both tibiae were harvested on embryonic d (E) 17, 19, and 21. Left tibiae were tested for their whole-bone mechanical properties using a micromechanical device. Cortical bone structure and bone mineral density (BMD) were examined by micro-computed tomography of the left tibiae. Bone mineralization was evaluated by measuring BMD and ash content, while the rate and location of mineralization were evaluated by fluorochrome labeling. Osteoclastic activity and osteocyte density were evaluated by histological stains [TRAP (Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase) and H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin), respectively]. Groups with larger eggs (FST and H-FST) had higher BW and tibia weight than groups with smaller eggs (SLW and H-SLW); however, they had a lower ratio of tibia weight to BW. Between groups with similar egg weight, stiffness, maximal load, and yield load of the bones were higher in the SLW than the H-SLW, while no differences were found between the FST and H-FST. Additionally, the tibiae of the SLW were stiffer and their osteocyte density higher than in the FST on E21 and their periosteal mineralization rate was higher between E19 and E21. No differences were found between the groups in cortical bone structure. This study demonstrates that faster growing hatchlings, especially those that hatch from relatively small eggs, have inferior bone mechanical properties in comparison to slower growing hatchlings, and suggests that fast-growing chicks hatching from small eggs are at a higher risk for developing bone pathologies. Accordingly, selection for increased egg size may lead to improved mechanical performance of the skeleton of fast-growing broilers.
机译：为了检查快速生长和生长缓慢增长的肉鸡胚胎之间的骨骼性质的差异，并了解基因型和鸡蛋大小对这些差异的影响，快速和生长缓慢的母鸡和雄性互殖，以产生4个蛋组：FST（通过快速生长的母鸡奠定，通过生长的雄性营利，H-FST（生长母鸡和生长缓慢），H-SLW（生长缓慢的母鸡和生长而生长的男性）和SLW （生长缓慢的母鸡和生长缓慢的男性）。中胚胎（n = 8）从而处死并称重，并且在胚胎D（e）17,19和21上收获两种胫骨。使用微机械装置对其全骨机械性能进行左胫骨。通过左胫骨微型计算机断层扫描检查皮质骨结构和骨矿物密度（BMD）。通过测量BMD和灰分含量来评估骨矿化，而通过荧光染料标记评估矿化的速率和位置。通过组织学污渍[捕获（酒石酸抗性酸性磷酸酶）和H＆E（苏木精和曙红）评价骨细胞骨骼活性和骨细胞密度]。鸡蛋较大（FST和H-FST）的群体具有比具有较小卵子（SLW和H-SLW）的团体更高的BW和胫骨体重;然而，它们的胫骨重量与BW的比例较低。在具有相似卵体重的组之间，骨骼的刚度，最大载荷和屈服负荷的基块比H-SLW更高，而FST和H-FST之间没有发现差异。另外，SLW的胫骨是静言，其骨细胞密度高于E21上的FST和E19和E21之间的骨膜矿化率高。皮质骨结构中的组之间没有发现差异。本研究表明，与相对较少的鸡蛋孵化的孵化叶片更快，尤其是那些脱落的孵化，与较慢的生长幼体相比，较差的骨骼机械性能，并表明从小卵孵化的快速生长的雏鸡是发育骨病理的风险较高。因此，增加卵子尺寸的选择可能导致快速生长肉鸡的骨架的机械性能提高。

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