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Statins in primary cardiovascular prevention? Little benefit, documented harms and many uncertainties regarding long-term use

机译:初级心血管预防他汀类药物? 没有效益,记录有关长期使用的危害和许多不确定性

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The risk of having a cardiovascular event increases with age, blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels.There is an increased risk in men and in case of smoking, diabetes, a family history of premature cardiovascular events, and physical inactivity. Smoking cessation, regular physical activity, weight loss for obese patients, a Mediterranean diet, and some antihypertensive or antidiabetic treatments reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. In patients with no history of cardiovascular disease, there is no proof that statin therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients younger than 40 years or older than 75 years. In some patients aged 40 to 70 years, daily statin therapy for about 5 years reduces the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. Assuming that the percentage reduction in cardiovascular risk obtained through statin therapy remains constant across all levels of baseline cardiovascular risk, which remains unproven, daily use of statin therapy for 5 years by 1000 persons with no clinically evident cardiovascular disease would prevent about: 2 to 10 deaths for those whose 5-year risk of cardiovascular death was 2%; 5 to 25 deaths for those whose 5-year risk of cardiovascular death was 5%; and 10 to 50 deaths for those whose 5-year risk of cardiovascular death was 10%.
机译:具有心血管事件的风险随着年龄,血压和血清胆固醇水平而增加。男性的风险增加,如果吸烟,糖尿病,过早心血管事件的家族史以及身体不活动。戒烟,定期体育活动,肥胖患者的减肥,地中海饮食,以及一些抗高血压或抗糖尿病治疗减少了心血管事件的风险。在没有心血管疾病史的患者中,他汀类药物治疗没有证据表明,他汀类药物治疗降低了40岁或超过75年的患者心血管事件的风险。在40至70岁的一些患者中,日常他汀类药物治疗约5年降低致命和非致命心血管事件的风险。假设通过他汀类药物治疗的心血管风险降低百分比仍然是持续的基线心血管风险,这仍然未经证实,日常使用他汀类药物治疗5年的1000人,没有临床明显的心血管疾病将阻止:2至10人对于那些5年性心血管死亡风险的人死亡是2%; 5至25人死亡的5年心血管死亡风险的5%;对于那些5年的心血管死亡风险的人数为10%至5​​0人死亡。

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    《Prescrire international》 |2018年第195期|共8页
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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 药学;
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