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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D. Journal of Automobile Engineering >A stochastic power management strategy with skid avoidance for improving energy efficiency of in-wheel motor electric vehicles
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A stochastic power management strategy with skid avoidance for improving energy efficiency of in-wheel motor electric vehicles

机译：一种随机电源管理策略，采用SPID借助提高轮内电动汽车能效

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摘要

In this study, a stochastic power management strategy for in-wheel motor electric vehicles is proposed to reduce the energy consumption and increase the driving range, considering the unpredictable nature of the driving power demand. A stochastic dynamic programming approach, policy iteration algorithm, is used to create an infinite horizon problem formulation to calculate optimal power distribution policies for the vehicle. The developed stochastic dynamic programming strategy distributes the demanded power, P_(dem) between the front and rear in-wheel motors by considering states of the vehicle, including the vehicle speed and the front and the rear wheels’ slip ratios. In addition, a skid avoidance rule is added to the power management strategy to maintain the wheels’ slip ratios within the desired values. Undesirable slip ratios cause poor brake and traction control performances and therefore should be avoided. The resulting strategy consists of a time-invariant, rule-based controller which is fast enough for real time implementations, and additionally, it is not expensive to be launched since the future power demand is approximated without a need to vehicle communication systems or telemetric capability. A high-fidelity model of an in-wheel motor electric vehicle is developed in the Autonomie/Simulink environment for evaluating the proposed strategy. The simulation results show that the proposed stochastic dynamic programming strategy is more efficient in comparison to some benchmark strategies, such as an equal power distribution and generalized rule-based dynamic programming. The simulation results of different driving scenarios for the considered in-wheel motor electric vehicle show the proposed power management strategy leads to 3% energy consumption reduction in average, at no additional cost. If the resulting energy savings is considered for the total annual trips for the vehicle and also the total number of electric vehicles in the country, the proposed power management strategy has a significant impact.
机译：在这项研究中，考虑到推动电力需求的不可预测性质，提出了一种用于轮式电动机电动车辆的随机电力管理策略，以降低能量消耗并增加驾驶范围。一种随机动态编程方法，策略迭代算法用于创建无限的地平线问题配方，以计算车辆的最佳配电策略。通过考虑车辆的状态，包括车速和前轮和后轮滑动比，发达的随机动态编程策略在前后轮式电机之间的要求电力P_（DEM）分布。另外，将滑动避免规则添加到电源管理策略中以维持在所需值内的车轮的滑动比率。不希望的滑动比率导致制动和牵引力控制性能差，因此应避免。由此产生的策略由基于时间的规则的控制器组成，该控制器足够快，以便实时实现，并且另外，由于未来的电力需求近似，因此不需要对车辆通信系统或遥测能力近似以来，它不昂贵。在自动/ Simulink环境中开发了一辆车轮式电动机的高保真模型，用于评估所提出的策略。仿真结果表明，与某些基准策略相比，拟议的随机动态规划策略更有效，例如相同的基于功率分布和基于广义规则的动态规划。考虑轮内电动机电动车的不同驾驶场景的仿真结果表明，建议的电源管理策略平均降低了3％的能耗降低，无需额外成本。如果由此产生的节能储蓄，为车辆的总年度旅行以及该国的电动汽车总数，则拟议的电力管理策略产生了重大影响。

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