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首页> 外文期刊>The anatomical record: advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology >Histological Development of the Fused Mandibular Symphysis in the Pig
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Histological Development of the Fused Mandibular Symphysis in the Pig

机译：猪融合颌骨杂环综合的组织学发展

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ABSTRACT The development of the mandibular symphysis in late fetal and postnatal pigs, Sus scrofa dom. (n = 17), was studied as a model for the early fusing symphysis of anthropoid primates, including humans. The suture‐like ligaments occurring in species that retain a mobile symphysis are not present in the pig. Instead, cartilage is the predominant tissue in the mandibular symphysis prior to fusion. In late fetuses the rostrum of the fused Meckel's cartilages forms a minor posterior component of the symphysis whereas the major component is secondary cartilage, developing bilaterally and joined at the midline with mesenchyme. This remnant of Meckel's cartilage likely fuses with the flanking secondary cartilage. The overall composition of pig symphyseal histology in fetal and infant animals varies regionally and individually. Regions where the paired secondary cartilages abut in the midline resemble double growth plates. Chondrogenic growth in width of the symphysis is likely important in early stages, and central proliferation of mesenchyme is the probable source of new chondrocytes. Laterally, the chondrocytes hypertrophy near the bone fronts and are replaced by alveolar bone. Complete synostosis except for a small cartilage remnant had occurred in one 8‐week‐old postnatal specimen and all older specimens. Surprisingly, however, the initial phase of symphyseal fusion, observed in a 5‐week‐old postnatal specimen, involved intramembranous ossification of midline mesenchyme rather than endochondral ossification. Subsequently, fusion progresses rapidly at the anterior and labial aspects of the symphysis, leaving only a small postero‐lingual cartilage pad that persists for at least several months. Anat Rec, 302:1372–1388, 2019. ? 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：促进了晚胎儿和产后猪颌骨杂环的发展，SUS Scrofa Dom。 （n = 17），被研究作为一种模型，用于早期融合的人类灵长类动物，包括人类。在保留移动杂志的物种中出现的缝合线状韧带不存在于猪中。相反，软骨是融合前下颌杂体中的主要组织。在晚期胎儿中，融合的马克塞尔的软骨的讲台形成了次要的次要后组分，而主要组分是二级软骨，双侧开发双侧并在中线与间充质加入。 Meckel的软骨的残余可能与侧翼的二级软骨融合。胎儿和婴儿动物中猪对称组织学的整体组成区分地区和单独变化。成对的二级软骨邻接在中线类似双重生长板。红细胞联合宽度的软弱化生长在早期阶段可能是重要的，间充质细胞的中央增殖是新软骨细胞的可能源。横向，骨前面附近的软骨细胞肥大，并被肺泡骨代替。除了小软骨遗留外，在一个8周龄后的产后标本和所有较旧的标本中发生了完全的突触病。然而，令人惊讶的是，在一个5周龄后的产后标本中观察到的对称融合的初始阶段，涉及中线间充质而不是中线骨化的胰腺炎。随后，融合在杂物联合的前颌骨方面迅速进行，只留下了至少几个月的小型后舌舌片粘滞垫。 ANAT REC，302：1372-1388,2019。 2018年Wiley期刊，Inc。

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