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首页> 外文期刊>The anatomical record: advances in integrative anatomy and evolutionary biology >Development of the Human Incus With Special Reference to the Detachment From the Chondrocranium to be Transferred into the Middle Ear
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Development of the Human Incus With Special Reference to the Detachment From the Chondrocranium to be Transferred into the Middle Ear

机译：特别参考脱离骨髓的分离特别参考人类的事件

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ABSTRACT The mammalian middle ear represents one of the most fundamental features defining this class of vertebrates. However, the origin and the developmental process of the incus in the human remains controversial. The present study seeks to demonstrate all the steps of development and integration of the incus within the middle ear. We examined histological sections of 55 human embryos and fetuses at 6 to 13 weeks of development. At 6 weeks of development (16 Carnegie Stage), the incus anlage was found at the cranial end of the first pharyngeal arch. At this stage, each of the three anlagen of the ossicles in the middle ear were independent in different locations. At Carnegie Stage 17 a homogeneous interzone clearly defined the incus and malleus anlagen. The cranial end of the incus was located very close to the otic capsule. At 7 and 8 weeks was characterized by the short limb of the incus connecting with the otic capsule. At 9 weeks was characterized by an initial disconnection of the incus from the otic capsule. At 13 weeks, a cavity appeared between the otic capsule and incus. Our results provide significant evidence that the human incus developed from the first pharyngeal arch but independently from Meckel's cartilage. Also, during development, the incus was connected with the otic capsule, and then it was detached definitively. The development of the incus in humans provides evidence that this ossicle is homologous to the quadrate. Anat Rec, 2018. ? 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：摘要哺乳动物中耳是定义这类脊椎动物的最基本的特征之一。然而，人类未知的起源和发展过程仍然存在争议。目前的研究旨在展示中耳内的所有发展和整合的所有步骤。我们在6至13周的发育中检查了55例人胚胎和胎儿的组织学部分。在6周的发展（16个卡内基阶段），在第一次咽部曲拱的颅底被发现。在这个阶段，中耳中骨中骨的三个胚根中的每一个都在不同的位置。在卡内基第17阶段，A均匀的互轭清楚地定义了Incus和Malleus anlagen。本机关的颅底位于靠近耳胶囊。在7和8周的特征在于与耳囊连接的情况的短肢。在9周的特征是，通过从耳胶囊的初始断开初始断开。在13周，腔胶囊和Incus之间出现腔。我们的结果提供了显着的证据表明人类从第一咽拱门开发的人类，但独立于马克塞尔的软骨。此外，在开发期间，该信息与耳胶囊连接，然后明确地脱离。人类意见提供了这种纺织品对Quadrate同源的证据。 ANAT REC，2018.？ 2018年Wiley期刊，Inc。

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