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首页> 外文期刊>The American Naturalist: Devoted to the Conceptual Unification of the Biological Sciences >Adaptive Maternal Investment in the Wild? Links between Maternal Growth Trajectory and Offspring Size, Growth, and Survival in Contrasting Environments
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Adaptive Maternal Investment in the Wild? Links between Maternal Growth Trajectory and Offspring Size, Growth, and Survival in Contrasting Environments

机译：适应性母体投资在野外？ 母体生长轨迹和后代大小，生长和生存之间的链接在造影环境中

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摘要

Life-history theory predicts that investment per offspring should correlate negatively with the quality of the environment that offspring are anticipated to encounter; parents may use their own experience as juveniles to predict this environment and may modulate offspring traits, such as growth capacity and initial size. We manipulated nutrient levels in the juvenile habitat of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to investigate the hypothesis that the egg size that maximizes juvenile growth and survival depends on environmental quality. We also tested whether offspring traits were related to parental growth trajectory. Mothers that grew fast when young produced more offspring and smaller offspring than mothers that grew slowly to reach the same size. Despite their size disadvantage, offspring of faster-growing mothers grew faster than those of slower-growing mothers in all environments, counter to the expectation that they would be competitively disadvantaged. However, they had lower relative survival in environments where the density of older predatory/competitor fish was relatively high. These links between maternal (but not paternal) growth trajectory and offspring survival rate were independent of egg size, underscoring that mothers may be adjusting egg traits other than size to suit the environment their offspring are anticipated to face.
机译：生活历史理论预测，每次后代的投资应该与后代预期遇到的环境的质量负相关;父母可以使用自己的经验作为少年来预测这种环境，可以调节后代特征，例如生长能力和初始大小。我们在野生大西洋三文鱼（沙摩酱）中的少年栖息地操纵营养水平，调查最大化青少年生长和生存率的假设取决于环境质量。我们还测试了后代特征是否与父母生长轨迹有关。当年轻人产生更多的后代和更小的后代时，母亲比母亲慢慢达到相同的大小。尽管他们的规模缺点，但增长较快的母亲的后代比各种环境中增长较慢的母亲更快地增长，期望他们将竞争性弱势群体。然而，它们在较旧的掠夺性/竞争鱼类密度相对较高的环境中具有较低的相对生存。这些联系母体（但不是父目）生长轨迹和后代生存率与鸡蛋大小无关，强调母亲可能会调节除尺寸以外的鸡蛋特征以适应其后代的环境预期。

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