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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Development of the mammalian circadian clock
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Development of the mammalian circadian clock

机译：哺乳动物昼夜时钟的发展

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The mammalian circadian system is composed of a central clock situated in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and peripheral clocks of each tissue and organ in the body. While much has been learned about the pre- and postnatal development of the circadian system, there are still many unanswered questions about how and when cellular clocks start to tick and form the circadian system. Most SCN neurons contain a cell-autonomous circadian clock with individual specific periodicity. Therefore, the network of cellular oscillators is critical for the coherent rhythm expression and orchestration of the peripheral clocks by the SCN. The SCN is the only circadian clock entrained by an environmental light-dark cycle. Photic entrainment starts postnatally, and the SCN starts to function gradually as a central clock that controls physiological and behavioral rhythms during postnatal development. The SCN exhibits circadian rhythms in clock gene expression from the embryonic stage throughout postnatal life and the rhythm phenotypes remain basically unchanged. However, the disappearance of coherent circadian rhythms in cryptochrome-deficient SCN revealed changes in the SCN networks that occur in postnatal weeks 2-3. The SCN network consists of multiple clusters of cellular circadian rhythms that are differentially integrated by the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and arginine vasopressin signaling depending on the period of postnatal development.
机译：哺乳动物昼夜节日系统由位于丘脑衰弱的上丘脑核（SCN）和每个组织的外周钟和体内的外周钟组成。虽然很多关于昼夜活动的前后发展和出版的出版开发，但仍有许多关于蜂窝时钟开始勾选并形成昼夜节律系统的问题。大多数SCN神经元包含一个具有个体特定周期性的细胞自主昼夜昼夜昼夜时钟。因此，蜂窝振荡器网络对于SCN的相干节律表达和管弦乐阶段至关重要。 SCN是由环境光暗循环夹带的唯一昼夜昼夜时钟。光子夹带后期开始，SCN开始逐渐作为控制产后开发期间的生理和行为节律的中心时钟。 SCN在胚胎基因表达中展示昼夜节律，从产后后生命的胚胎阶段，节律表型基本保持不变。然而，Cryprofrome缺陷SCN中相干昼夜节律的消失揭示了在第2-3周后发生的SCN网络的变化。 SCN网络由多个细胞昼夜节律组成，该节奏由血管活性肠多肽和精氨酸加压素信号传导差异整合，这取决于产后开发期。

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