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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >The Controllability Hypothesis: Near-miss effect points to common neurological machinery in posterior parietal cortex for controllable objects and concepts
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The Controllability Hypothesis: Near-miss effect points to common neurological machinery in posterior parietal cortex for controllable objects and concepts

机译：可控性假设：近乎诊断效果指向后部皮层中常见的神经机械，用于可控制的物体和概念

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摘要

In this paper, I postulate that the processing of concepts which are deemed controllable is rooted in neurological machinery located in the posterior parietal cortex specialised for the processing of objects which are immediately actionable because they are within reach. This is demonstrated with reference to the near-miss effect in gambling behaviour, where it is argued that the configurative proximity of the near-miss outcome to the win outcome creates the impression that the win outcome is 'almost within reach' or controllable. The perceived realisability of the desired outcome increases subjective reward probability and the associated expected action value, which impacts decision-making and behaviour. When extended to substance addiction, this novel hypothesis adds fresh insight into understanding the motivational effects associated with cue exposure and opportunity for drug-taking. Moreover, by postulating that a perception of control can be generated to minimise unpleasant affective states, it can also reconcile contrasting models of decision-making and provide a neurological explanation for the efficacy of mindfulness-based techniques in treating addictions. With reference to the previously hypothesised link between the self and control, these ideas can provide an explanation for the increased subjective value of self-associated concepts in the 'endowment effect', as well as a neurological correlate for the concept of the 'narrative self'. This paper therefore provides an innovative and unifying perspective for the study and treatment of behavioural and substance addictions as well as contributing to our neurological understanding of philosophical approaches to the self.
机译：在本文中，我假设认为可控制的概念的加工植根于位于后部皮层中的神经系统，专门用于处理的物体，该物体是立即可操作的，因为它们在覆盖范围内。参考赌博行为中的近似小姐效果证明了这一点，据称，近乎错过的结果对胜利结果的配置偏离创造了胜利结果“几乎在达到范围内”或可控的印象。所需结果的感知可信性增加了主观奖励概率和相关的预期行动价值，影响决策和行为。延伸到物质成瘾时，这种新颖的假设增加了对理解与提示风险相关的动机效应和药物服用机会的新颖洞察力增加了新的洞察力。此外，通过假设可以产生对对照的感知来最小化令人不快的情感状态，还可以协调决策的对比模型，并为治疗成瘾技术的效果提供了神经系统解释。参考自我和控制之间的先前假设的联系，这些想法可以对“禀赋效应”中自相关概念的主观值增加的解释，以及“叙事自我的概念的神经学相关'。因此，本文为行为和物质成瘾的研究和治疗提供了一种创新和统一的视角，以及对自我哲学方法的神经理解有助于我们的神经理解。

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