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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Oxygen responses within the nucleus accumbens are associated with individual differences in effort exertion in rats
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Oxygen responses within the nucleus accumbens are associated with individual differences in effort exertion in rats

机译：核心内骨内的氧气反应与大鼠努力劳动的个体差异有关

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摘要

Goal-directed motivated behaviour is crucial for everyday life. Such behaviour is often measured, in rodents, under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. Previous studies have identified a few brain structures critical for supporting PR performance. However, the association between neural activity within these regions and individual differences in effort-related behaviour is not known. Presently, we used constant potential in vivo oxygen amperometry, a surrogate for functional resonance imaging in rodents, to assess changes in tissue oxygen levels within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in male Wistar rats performing a PR task. Within both regions, oxygen responses to rewards increased as the effort exerted to obtain the rewards was larger. Furthermore, higher individual breakpoints were associated with greater magnitude NAc oxygen responses. This association could not be explained by temporal confounds and remained significant when controlling for the different number of completed trials. Animals with higher breakpoints also showed greater magnitude NAc oxygen responses to rewards delivered independently of any behaviour. In contrast, OFC oxygen responses were not associated with individual differences in behavioural performance. The present results suggest that greater NAc oxygen responses following rewards, through a process of incentive motivation, may allow organisms to remain on task for longer and to overcome greater effort costs.
机译：目标导向的动机行为对于日常生活至关重要。在渐进的比例（PR）的加固时间表中，通常在啮齿动物中测量这种行为。以前的研究已经确定了一些用于支持PR性能的脑结构。然而，这些区域内神经活动与有关行为中的个体差异之间的关联是不名的。目前，我们使用体内氧气流量测定法的恒定电位，啮齿动物中的功能共振成像的替代，以评估雄性Wistar大鼠中核心腺（NAc）和胰腺癌皮质（OFC）的组织氧水平的变化。在两个地区内，随着施工奖励的努力越大，对奖励的氧气反应增加。此外，较高的单独断点与更高的NAC氧反应相关。这种关联无法通过时间困惑解释，并在控制不同数量的完成试验时保持重大。具有较高断点的动物还显示出与任何行为无关的奖励的更大的NAC氧气反应。相反，OFC氧反应与行为性能的个体差异无关。目前的结果表明，通过激励动机的过程，奖励后大的NAC氧气反应可能让生物保持在较长并克服更高的努力成本上的任务。

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