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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Exercise and microstructural changes in the motor cortex of older adults
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Exercise and microstructural changes in the motor cortex of older adults

机译：老年人电机皮层的运动和微观结构变化

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Exercise has been shown to counteract age-related volume decreases in the human brain, and in this imaging study, we ask whether the same holds true for the microstructure of the cortex. Healthy older adults (n = 47, 65-90 years old) either exercised three times a week on a stationary bike or maintained their usual physical routine over a 12-week period. Quantitative longitudinal relaxation rate (R-1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) maps were made at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. R-1 is commonly taken to reflect cortical myelin density. The change in R-1 (Delta R-1) was significantly increased in a region of interest (ROI) in the primary motor cortex containing motor outputs to the leg musculature in the exercise group relative to the control group (p = .04). The change in R-1 in this ROI correlated with an increase in oxygen consumption at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) (p = .04), a marker of improvement in submaximal aerobic performance. An exploratory analysis across the cortex suggested that the correlation was predominately confined to the leg representation in the motor cortex. This study suggests that microstructural declines in the cortex of older adults may be staved off by exercise.
机译：锻炼已被证明抵消年龄相关的体积在人脑中减少，并且在该影像学研究中，我们询问皮质微观结构是否相同。健康的老年人（N = 47,65-90岁），无论是在一个固定的自行车上每周服用三次，或在12周的时间内保持其通常的物理常规。定量纵向松弛率（R-1）磁共振成像（MRI）地图在基线和12周干预后进行。 R-1通常采用反映皮质髓鞘密度。 R-1（Delta R-1）的变化在初级电机皮质电机输出的初级电机皮质区域中的感兴趣区域（ROI）的变化显着增加，相对于对照组在锻炼组中的腿部肌肉组织（P = .04）中。该R-1中的R-1的变化与第一通气阈值（VT1）（P = 0.04）的氧气消耗量的增加相关，其提高了潜水性好氧性能的标志物。皮质上的探索性分析表明，相关性主要限制在电机皮层中的腿部表示。本研究表明，老年人皮层中的微观结构下降可能会通过运动稳定。

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