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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Cytotoxic allelochemicals induce ultrastructural modifications in Cassia tora L. and mitotic changes in Allium cepa L.: a weed versus weed allelopathy approach
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Cytotoxic allelochemicals induce ultrastructural modifications in Cassia tora L. and mitotic changes in Allium cepa L.: a weed versus weed allelopathy approach

机译：细胞毒性等化学物质在Cassia Tora L中诱导超微结构修饰，艾滋病联系的毒性变化：杂草与杂草化感觉方法

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The stress induced by allelochemicals present in stem aqueous extract (SAE) of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia on alterations in growth, ultrastructure on Cassia tora L., and mitotic changes on Allium cepa L. were inspected. Application of SAE at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 4%) expressively reduced the growth of C. tora in terms of seedling length and dry biomass. Moreover, the ultrastructural variations induced in the epidermis of Cassia leaf (adaxial and abaxial surface) of 15-day-old saplings were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The variations noticed are rupturing and shrinking of cells along epidermis; damaged margins, extensively curled leaf apex along with the appearance of puff-like structures, grooves, and thread-like structures on the leaf surface. The epidermal cells of samples exposed to treatment no longer appear smooth relative to control, besides showing necrosis as well. Upon exposure to different concentrations of extract, A. cepa root tip cells showed aberrations in chromosome arrangement and disparity in the shape of the interphase and prophase nuclei along various phases of mitotic cycle as compared to control. The mitotic index (MI) showed a concentration-dependent decline in onion root tips exposed to SAE. The aberrations appearing frequently were formation of multinucleated cells, sticky metaphase and anaphase with bridges, sticky telophase, disturbed polarity, etc. The results also show the induction of elongated cells, giant cells, and cells with membrane damage by extract treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanolic extract of N. plumbaginifolia stem. Overall, 62 compounds were reported, covering 99.61% of the entire constituents, which can be considered responsible for the allelopathic suppression of C. tora. The chief component was 4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene with the highest composition of 19.89%, followed by palmitic acid (12.25%), palmit
机译：尼古拉血管素治疗烟碱萃取物（SAE）中存在的等等化学诱导的应力对Cassia Tora L的增长改变，超微结构和艾滋病CEPA L.的有丝分裂变化。 SAE在不同浓度（0.5,1,2和4％）的施用表达地减少了幼苗长度和干生物质的C. Tora的生长。此外，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了15天旧树苗的CASSIA叶片（adaxial和anaxial表面）的表皮中诱导的超微结构变化。注意到的变化是破裂和沿表皮细胞的缩小;损坏的边缘，广泛卷曲的叶子顶点以及叶面上的浮斗状结构，凹槽和螺纹结构的外观。除了显示坏死之外，暴露于治疗的样品的表皮细胞不再看起来平滑相对于对照。在暴露于不同浓度的提取物后，与对照相比，A.Cepa根尖端细胞显示染色体排列中的染色体排列和差异，沿着各个阶段的不同阶段的不同阶段的趋势。有丝分裂指数（MI）显示出暴露于SAE的洋葱根尖端的浓度依赖性下降。出现的像差经常被形成多核细胞，粘性中期和桥，粘稠的茶酶，干扰极性等。结果还显示了通过提取物处理诱导细胞，巨细胞和细胞具有膜损伤的细胞。据我们所知，这是N.甲脂蛋白溶液甲醇提取物的第一种气相色谱 - 质谱（GC-MS）分析。总体而言，报道了62种化合物，占整个成分的99.61％，可考虑负责C. Tora的化感染抑制。主要组分是4-叔丁基碱[4]芳烃，最高组成为19.89％，其次是棕榈酸（12.25％），棕榈酸

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