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首页> 外文期刊>The journals of gerontology.Series A. Biological sciences and medical sciences >Mitochondrial Aging: Is There a Mitochondrial Clock?
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Mitochondrial Aging: Is There a Mitochondrial Clock?

机译：线粒体老化：是否有线粒体时钟？

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摘要

Fragmentation (fission) of mitochondria, occurring in response to oxidative challenge, leads to heterogeneity in the mitochondrial population. It is assumed that fission provides a way to segregate mitochondrial content between the "young" and "old" phenotype, with the formation of mitochondrial "garbage," which later will be disposed. Fidelity of this process is the basis of mitochondrial homeostasis, which is disrupted in pathological conditions and aging. The asymmetry of the mitochondrial fission is similar to that of their evolutionary ancestors, bacteria, which also undergo an aging process. It is assumed that mitochondrial markers of aging are recognized by the mitochondrial quality control system, preventing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, which normally are subjected to disposal. Possibly, oncocytoma, with its abnormal proliferation of mitochondria occupying the entire cytoplasm, represents the case when segregation of damaged mitochondria is impaired during mitochondrial division. It is plausible that mitochondria contain a "clock" which counts the degree of mitochondrial senescence as the extent of flagging (by ubiquitination) of damaged mitochondria. Mitochondrial aging captures the essence of the systemic aging which must be analyzed. We assume that the mitochondrial aging mechanism is similar to the mechanism of aging of the immune system which we discuss in detail.
机译：线粒体的碎片（裂变）响应于氧化攻击而发生的线粒体，导致线粒体群体中的异质性。假设裂变提供了在后来的线粒体“垃圾”中形成线粒体“垃圾”之间的线粒体含量的方法。这种过程的保真性是线粒体稳态的基础，这些基础是在病理条件和老龄化中被破坏。线粒体裂变的不对称性类似于它们的进化祖先细菌的不对称性，细菌也经历老化过程。假设衰老的线粒体标记由线粒体质量控制系统识别，防止功能障碍线粒体的积累，这通常进行处理。可能是，在线粒体划分的损伤线粒体的分离时，具有占据整个细胞质的线粒体异常增殖的癌细胞瘤。线粒体含有“时钟”是合理的，其根据受损线粒体的标记（通过泛素化）的程度计算线粒体衰老程度。线粒体老化捕获了必须分析的系统性老化的本质。我们假设线粒体老化机制类似于我们详细讨论的免疫系统老化机制。

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