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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >Infant feeding practices: realities and mind sets of mothers in Southern Africa.
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Infant feeding practices: realities and mind sets of mothers in Southern Africa.

机译：婴儿喂养方法：南部非洲母亲的现实状况和心态。

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摘要

Exclusively breastfed infants in developing countries are at lower risk of HIV transmission than mixed-fed infants. Ethno-graphic research was conducted in eleven low-resource settings across South Africa, Namibia and Swaziland to understand how the perceptions and experiences of counselling health workers, pregnant women and recent mothers could be used to improve infant feeding counselling. Despite prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes, very early mixed-feeding remains the norm; traditional conceptualisations of 'water as life' and 'milk as a fluid' are holding up against current PMTCT education, with milk considered liquid 'drink' rather than 'real food'. This aggravates an 'insufficient milk syndrome' where disempowered mothers perceive their breastmilk, and themselves, as deficient - 'not good enough'. Infant feeding is embedded within traditional relationships of intimacy; both relatives and breadwinner have influence and even authority over options and modes of infant feeding. In patriarchal and violent societies, traditional power differentials prohibit easy or complete HIV disclosure or condom negotiation; HIV status remains hidden from most partners and relatives. This context of secrecy means that the traditional advice and authority, which the mothers feel they dare not disregard, is often blind to the mother and her infant's HIV status and survival needs.
机译：与纯母乳喂养的婴儿相比，发展中国家纯母乳喂养的婴儿传播艾滋病毒的风险更低。在南非，纳米比亚和斯威士兰的11个资源匮乏的地区进行了民族志研究，以了解如何向保健工作者，孕妇和最近的母亲提供咨询的观念和经验可用于改善婴儿喂养咨询。尽管预防母婴传播方案，但很早就开始混合喂养仍然是常态;传统的“以水为生命”和“以牛奶为液体”的概念与当前的PMTCT教育背道而驰，牛奶被认为是液体的“饮料”而不是“真实的食物”。这加剧了“牛奶不足症候群”，在这种情况下，失去能力的母亲认为母乳以及自己的乳汁不足-“不够好”。婴儿喂养被嵌入传统的亲密关系中。亲戚和养家糊口的人在婴儿喂养的选择和方式上都具有影响力甚至权威。在父权制和暴力社会中，传统的权力差异禁止轻易或完全地公开艾滋病毒或进行安全套谈判;大多数伴侣和亲戚都没有发现艾滋病毒的状况。这种保密的背景意味着，母亲们认为他们不敢忽视的传统建议和权威常常对母亲及其婴儿的艾滋病毒状况和生存需求视而不见。

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