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Health-information needs of HIV-positive adults in Latin America and the Caribbean: an integrative review of the literature

机译：拉丁美洲和加勒比地区艾滋病毒阳性成年人的健康信息需求：对文献的综合审查

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An assessment of information needs is essential for care planning for patients living with chronic diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The extent to which these assessments have been conducted in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is unknown. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to identify, evaluate, and summarize what research has been conducted to examine patient perceptions of their health-information needs among adults living with HIV in LAC. Using an integrative review methodology, a literature search of six databases was conducted in April and May 2015. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed articles published in English or Spanish that assessed the information needs of HIV-positive patients living in LAC. The quality of included articles was assessed and relevant characteristics of each article were extracted, compared, and presented. Searches returned 1885 citations, 11 of which met inclusion criteria. Studies included were conducted in 8 of 33 countries, used multiple research designs, demonstrated varying needs between populations, and found numerous unmet information needs. Information about HIV in general, methods of infection transmission, antiretroviral medications, other sexually transmitted diseases, and effective coping mechanisms were the most commonly mentioned needs. Healthcare providers were the largest and most reliable source of health information for many participants and it was emphasized that in order for health education to be effective, programs should include both individual and group components. Patients indicated that they may have difficulty processing and using information through an incorrect understanding of medications, not changing risk behaviors, and by stating that information can be overwhelming or poorly communicated. Further research on information needs is warranted so that healthcare providers and organizations may provide the information patients need to appropriately manage their health.
机译：信息需求的评估对于诸如人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）等慢性疾病患者的护理计划至关重要。在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区（LAC）进行这些评估的程度尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是确定，评估和总结已开展的研究，以检查患者对LAC感染HIV的成年人的健康信息需求的看法。使用综合审查方法，于2015年4月和2015年5月对6个数据库进行了文献检索。纳入标准为以英语或西班牙语发表的同行评审文章，评估了LAC中HIV阳性患者的信息需求。评估收录文章的质量，并提取，比较和展示每篇文章的相关特征。搜索返回1885次引用，其中11项符合纳入标准。纳入的研究在33个国家中的8个国家进行，使用了多种研究设计，证明了不同人群之间的需求差异，并且发现了许多未满足的信息需求。最常见的需求是有关艾滋病的一般信息，感染的传播方法，抗逆转录病毒药物，其他性传播疾病以及有效的应对机制。医疗保健提供者是许多参与者最大，最可靠的健康信息来源，并强调为了使健康教育有效，计划应包括个人和团体两个部分。患者指出，他们可能由于对药物的错误理解，不改变风险行为以及指出信息可能不堪重负或沟通不畅而难以处理和使用信息。有必要对信息需求进行进一步研究，以便医疗保健提供者和组织可以提供患者适当管理其健康所需的信息。

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