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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >Effects of smoking and alcohol use on neurocognitive functioning in heavy drinking, HIV-positive men who have sex with men
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Effects of smoking and alcohol use on neurocognitive functioning in heavy drinking, HIV-positive men who have sex with men

机译：吸烟和酗酒对大量饮酒且与男性发生性关系的HIV阳性男性的神经认知功能的影响

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High rates of cognitive impairment persist in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite improved health outcomes and reduced mortality through widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Heavy alcohol use and cigarette smoking are potential contributors to neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV (PLWH), yet few studies have examined their influence concurrently. Here we investigated the effects of self-reported alcohol use and smoking on learning, memory, processing speed, verbal fluency, and executive function in 124 HIV-positive men who have sex with men [age (mean +/- SD) = 42.8 +/- 10.4 years], engaged with medical care. All participants were heavy drinkers. Duration of HIV infection averaged 9.9 +/- 7.6 years, and 92.7% were on a stable ART regimen. Participants completed a neuropsychological battery and assessment of past 30-day substance use. Average number of drinks per drinking day (DPDD) was 5.6 +/- 3.5, and 33.1% of participants were daily smokers. Rates of neurocognitive impairment were the highest in learning (50.8%), executive function (41.9%), and memory (38.0%). Multiple regression models tested DPDD and smoking status as predictors of neurocognitive performance, controlling for age and premorbid intelligence. Smoking was significantly, negatively related to verbal learning (p = .046) and processing speed (p = .001). DPDD was a significant predictor of learning (p = .047) in a model that accounted for the interaction of DPDD and smoking status. As expected, premorbid intelligence significantly predicted all neurocognitive scores (ps < .01), and older age was associated with slower processing speed (ps < .01). In conclusion, smoking appears to be associated with neurocognitive functioning deficits in PLWH beyond the effects of heavy drinking, aging, and premorbid intelligence. Smoking cessation interventions have the potential to be an important target for improving functional outcomes in heavy drinking PLWH.
机译：尽管通过广泛使用抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）改善了健康状况并降低了死亡率，但在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染中仍然存在较高的认知障碍率。大量饮酒和吸烟是造成HIV感染者（PLWH）神经认知障碍的潜在原因，但很少有研究同时检查其影响。在这里，我们研究了自我报告的饮酒和吸烟对124名与男性发生性行为的HIV阳性男性[年龄（平均+/- SD）= 42.8 + /-10.4年]，从事医疗工作。所有参与者都是酗酒者。 HIV感染的持续时间平均为9.9 +/- 7.6年，其中92.7％的患者接受了稳定的抗病毒治疗。参加者完成了一次神经心理学研究并评估了过去30天的药物使用情况。每天饮酒的平均次数（DPDD）为5.6 +/- 3.5，并且每天吸烟的参与者为33.1％。神经认知障碍的发生率最高的是学习（50.8％），执行功能（41.9％）和记忆力（38.0％）。多元回归模型测试了DPDD和吸烟状况，作为神经认知表现的预测指标，控制了年龄和病前智力。吸烟显着，与口头学习（p = .046）和处理速度（p = .001）负相关。在模型中，DPDD是学习的重要预测因子（p = .047），该模型说明了DPDD与吸烟状态之间的相互作用。正如预期的那样，病前智力显着预测了所有神经认知评分（ps <.01），而年龄越大则处理速度越慢（ps <.01）。总之，吸烟似乎与PLWH的神经认知功能缺陷有关，而不仅仅是大量饮酒，衰老和病前智力的影响。戒烟干预措施有可能成为改善重度饮酒工人的功能预后的重要目标。

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