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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >Access to employment among African migrant women living with HIV in France: opportunities and constraints
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Access to employment among African migrant women living with HIV in France: opportunities and constraints

机译：在法国感染艾滋病毒的非洲移民妇女中获得就业的机会和制约因素

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HIV in France particularly affects sub-Saharan migrants as they accounted for 31% of the new diagnoses in 2013. The objective of this study is to investigate the access to and the experience of employment among migrant women living with HIV in France. We use a mixed-method approach. The quantitative data come from the ANRS Parcours study, a life-event survey conducted in 2012-2013 in 70 health centres which collected year-by-year detailed information on living conditions about 755 sub-Saharan women migrants in the greater Paris region (470 with HIV and 285 without HIV). The qualitative data have been collected independently in the same region through socio-ethnographic observations and interviews conducted in 8 HIV-positive migrant organisations and among 35 women-members from 2011 to 2013. Two main results are noteworthy. First, being HIV-positive unexpectedly gives sub-Saharan migrant women a quicker access to employment thanks to the social support they find in migrant organisations: in the third year in France in median (versus 5th year among HIV-negative group). This effect of being HIV-positive on the access to employment remains all things being equal in a discrete-time logistic regression (aOR [95% CI] HIV+: 1.4[1.1;1.8]). Second, their employment situation remains strongly shaped by the racial division of work existing in France and they develop individual strategies to negotiate this constraint: for example, temporary jobs and working as health mediators. The type of jobs they find, mainly in the care sector, force them to carefully hide their HIV status because they fear discrimination at work. Not only migrant women endure structural discrimination in a segmented labour market, but they also anticipate HIV-related discrimination related to caring activities. Thus, the design and implementation of programmes that address stigma should consider structural discrimination to improve PLWHA's working experiences.
机译：法国的艾滋病毒尤其影响撒哈拉以南非洲移民，因为他们占2013年新诊断的31％。本研究的目的是调查法国携带艾滋病毒的移民妇女的就业机会和就业经验。我们使用混合方法。定量数据来自ANRS Parcours研究，该研究于2012-2013年在70个医疗中心进行了一项生活事件调查，该调查逐年收集了大巴黎地区约755名撒哈拉以南女性移民的生活状况详细信息（470感染艾滋病毒的人和285感染艾滋病毒的人）通过社会人种学观察和访谈，从2011年至2013年在同一地区独立收集了定性数据，这些数据来自8个艾滋病毒阳性移民组织以及35名女性成员。值得注意的是两个主要结果。首先，由于艾滋病毒呈阳性，出乎意料的是，由于撒哈拉以南非洲移民妇女在移民组织中得到的社会支持，她们能够更快地找到工作：法国的第三年（中位数是第五年）。在离散逻辑回归中，艾滋病毒呈阳性对就业机会的影响仍然保持不变（aOR [95％CI] HIV +：1.4 [1.1; 1.8]）。其次，他们的就业状况仍然受到法国现有种族分工的强烈影响，他们制定了解决这一限制的个人策略：例如，临时工作和担任健康调解人。他们发现的工作类型（主要是在护理部门）迫使他们谨慎地隐藏自己的艾滋病毒状况，因为他们担心工作中受到歧视。不仅移徙妇女在分割的劳动力市场中遭受结构性歧视，而且她们还预期与关怀活动有关的艾滋病毒相关歧视。因此，解决耻辱感的计划的设计和实施应考虑结构性歧视，以改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的工作经验。

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