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Travel-based multitasking: review of the role of digital activities and connectivity

机译：基于旅游的多任务：审查数字活动和连接的作用

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Travel-based multitasking, also referred to as travel time use, is now a well-established concept, whose existence is supported by the technological trajectories, with mobile information and communication technologies (ICT) and vehicle automation working together to allow travel time to be more productive and enjoyable. Despite existence of reviews of travel-time multitasking studies, the systematic overview of the role digital activities, i.e. those that necessarily require modern ICT equipment to participate, has been limited, often wrapped under the umbrella term "use of ICT", potentially obscuring their complexity and sophistication. Similarly, the role of connectivity and its attributes, e.g. speed (bandwidth), reliability, price, ease of use, data allowance or security, deserves a more systematic overview given its key role in enabling digital online activities and hence the travel-based multitasking options. This paper provides a review of 77 empirical travel-based multitasking-studies that explored the role of digital activities or connectivity. In particular, the review discusses the existing typologies of digital activities, dividing them into hardware-centric, function-centric or a combination of both (mixed). Subsequently, key contributions are discussed with respect to the treatment of digital activities and connectivity and its attributes. Based on the review, it is possible to observe that the existing studies have looked only at a handful of rather restricted online activities that do not sufficiently capture the sophistication with which individuals interact with the virtual world nowadays. Furthermore, the role of connectivity, although deeply embedded in the "C" of the "ICT" concept, has not been looked at or modelled in any detail in studies related to travel time use or its quality. This existing shortcoming might have resulted in an insufficient understanding of the mechanisms driving travel time use, the associated experience indicators of customer satisfaction, productivity or the consequences for relative attractiveness of transport modes. All of these considerations remain, however, crucial for designing, appraising and operating transport infrastructure and services that are able to take the advantage of lifestyle digitisation to meet the increasing customer needs while also delivering broader economic, social benefits and possibly also environmental benefits.
机译：基于旅行的多任务处理，也称为旅行时间使用，现在是一个完善的概念，其存在由技术轨迹支持，移动信息和通信技术（ICT）和车辆自动化一起工作以允许旅行时间成为允许旅行时间更富有成效和愉快。尽管存在旅行时间多任务研究的评论，但在数字活动中的系统概述，即必然需要现代ICT设备参与的角色，一直有限，往往包裹在“使用ICT的使用”中，潜在地掩盖了他们的复杂性和复杂性。同样，连接性和其属性的作用，例如速度（带宽），可靠性，价格，易用性，数据津贴或安全性值得更系统的概述，因为它在启用数字在线活动方面的关键作用，因此在基于旅行的多任务选项中的关键作用。本文介绍了对77个基于实证旅行的多任务研究的综述，探讨了数字活动或连通性的作用。特别是，审查讨论了现有的数字活动类型，将它们划分为以硬件为中心，以函数为中心或两者（混合）的组合。随后，关于治疗数字活动和连接及其属性，讨论了关键贡献。基于审查，可以观察到现有的研究只有少数相当受限制的在线活动，这些活动不充分捕捉到现在的个人与虚拟世界互动的复杂性。此外，连通性的作用虽然在“ICT”概念的“C”中嵌入了“C”，但在与旅行时间使用或其质量有关的研究中没有看出或建模或建模。这种现有的缺点可能导致对驾驶旅行时间使用的机制的理解不足，客户满意度，生产率或运输模式相对吸引力的后果的相关经验指标。然而，所有这些考虑都仍然是设计，评估和运营运输基础设施和服务能够利用生活方式数字化的优势，以满足客户需求的增加，同时还提供更广泛的经济，社会效益以及可能的环境效益。

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