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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Microbiology >RTX Adhesins are Key Bacterial Surface Megaproteins in the Formation of Biofilms
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RTX Adhesins are Key Bacterial Surface Megaproteins in the Formation of Biofilms

机译：RTX粘附素是Biofilms形成的关键细菌表面Megaproteins

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摘要

Gram-negative bacteria produce repeats-in-toxin adhesion proteins (RTX adhesins) to facilitate microbial adhesion. These large, multidomain proteins share a common architecture comprised of four regions. First to emerge from the bacterium, C terminal end leading, is the RTX export sequence that directs the protein through the type 1 secretion system (T1SS). This is followed by the ligand-binding region responsible for host adhesion and cohesion, which contains diverse ligand-binding domains. These serve a zip code function to direct bacteria to a particular environmental niche. Thereafter is a large extension region consisting of tens to hundreds of tandem bacterial immunoglobulin-like (BIg) domains, whose function is to extend the reach of the ligand-binding domains away from the bacterial surface. Lastly, there is a conserved N terminal cell-membrane-anchor region that retains the adhesin within the secretion system. This is also a site of in situ proteolysis, when nutrients are scarce, that enables the bacterium to leave the biofilm. In this review, the four regions of RTX adhesins are presented in the order in which they emerge from the cell during synthesis and retention.
机译：革兰氏阴性细菌产生重复毒素粘附蛋白（RTX粘附素）以促进微生物粘附。这些大型多麦田蛋白共享一个由四个地区组成的常见架构。首先是从细菌中出现，C末端导致C末端，是通过1型分泌系统（T1S）引导蛋白质的RTX导出序列。随后是负责宿主粘附和内聚力的配体结合区域，其含有不同的配体结合结构域。这些用于将ZIP代码功能用于指向特定环境利基的细菌。此后是一个大的延伸区域，由数百至数百个串联细菌免疫球蛋白样（大）结构域组成，其功能是将配体结合结构域的覆盖物延伸远离细菌表面。最后，存在保守的N末端细胞膜 - 锚定区域，其保持分泌系统内的粘附素。这也是原位蛋白水解的部位，当营养素稀缺时，使细菌能够离开生物膜。在该评价中，rtx粘附素的四个区域以合成和保留期间它们从细胞中出现的顺序呈现。

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