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Regulation Mechanisms of Viral IRES-Driven Translation

机译:病毒反映的监管机制

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Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) can be found in the mRNA of many viruses as well as in cellular genes involved in the stress response, cell cycle, and apoptosis. IRES-mediated translation can occur when dominant cap-dependent translation is inhibited, and viruses can take advantage of this to subvert host translation machinery. In this review, we focus on the four major types of IRES identified in RNA viruses, and outline their distinct structural properties and requirements of translational factors. We further discuss auxiliary host factors known as IRES trans-acting factors (ITAFs), which are involved in the modulation of optimal IRES activity. Currently known strategies employed by viruses to harness ITAFs and regulate IRES activity are also highlighted.
机译:内部核糖体进入位点(IRESS)可以在许多病毒的mRNA中找到以及参与应力反应,细胞周期和细胞凋亡的细胞基因。 当抑制占主导地位依赖性翻译时,可能会出现IRES介导的翻译,并且病毒可以利用这一点来颠覆主机翻译机械。 在这篇综述中,我们专注于RNA病毒中鉴定的四种主要类型的IRE,并概述了它们的不同结构性能和翻译因子的要求。 我们进一步讨论了称为IRES型反作因子(ITAF)的辅助宿主因子,这些因子(ITAFS)参与了最佳IRES活动的调制。 目前,病毒对利用ITAF和调节IRES活动的策略也被突出显示。

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