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Influenza Hemagglutinin Protein Stability, Activation, and Pandemic Risk

机译:流感血凝素蛋白质稳定性,激活和大流行风险

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摘要

For decades, hemagglutinin (HA) protein structure and its refolding mechanism have served as a paradigm for understanding protein-mediated membrane fusion. HA trimers are in a high-energy state and are functionally activated by low pH. Over the past decade, HA stability (or the pH at which irreversible conformational changes are triggered) has emerged as an important determinant in influenza virus host range, infectivity, transmissibility, and human pandemic potential. Here, we review HA protein structure, assays to measure its stability, measured HA stability values, residues and mutations that regulate its stability, the effect of HA stability on interspecies adaptation and transmissibility, and mechanistic insights into this process. Most importantly, HA stabilization appears to be necessary for adapting emerging influenza viruses to humans.
机译:几十年来,血血糖素(HA)蛋白质结构及其重度机制已经用作理解蛋白介导的膜融合的范例。 HA三聚体处于高能量状态,通过低pH激活。 在过去的十年中,HA稳定性(或触发不可逆转构象变化的pH)被出现为流感病毒宿主范围,感染性,传染性和人流血潜力的重要决定因素。 在这里,我们审查了HA蛋白质结构,测量其稳定性,测量的HA稳定值,残留物和调节其稳定性的突变,HA稳定性对三种适应性和传播性的影响,以及对该过程的机械洞察力的影响。 最重要的是,HA稳定似乎是适应新出现的流感病毒对人类所必需的。

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